Kubernetes 关键组件与工具详解

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">etcd保存了整个集群的状态；</li></ul>

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">apiserver提供了资源操作的唯一入口，并提供认证、授权、访问控制、API注册和发现等机制；</li></ul>

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">controller manager负责维护集群的状态，比如故障检测、自动扩展、滚动更新等；</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">scheduler负责资源的调度，按照预定的调度策略将Pod调度到相应的机器上；</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kubelet负责维护容器的生命周期，同时也负责Volume（CVI）和网络（CNI）的管理；</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Container runtime负责镜像管理以及Pod和容器的真正运行（CRI）；</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kube-proxy负责为Service提供cluster内部的服务发现和负载均衡；</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">kube-dns负责为整个集群提供DNS服务</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ingress Controller为服务提供外网入口</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Heapster提供资源监控</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dashboard提供GUI</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Federation提供跨可用区的集群</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px 0px 1.6471em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; list-style: disc; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, 微软雅黑, 宋体; font-size: 17px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fluentd-elasticsearch提供集群日志采集、存储与查询</li></ul><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">

namespace

deployment

pod

service

命令

应用部署管理工具<br>

<span style="color: rgb(197, 200, 198); font-family: Consolas, menlo, monospace; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: pre-wrap; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(29, 31, 33); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">fission</span>

<span style="color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: 华文中宋, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; display: inline !important; float: none;">解决Dokcer集群跨主机通讯的覆盖网络工具</span>