语法B 时态
2016-08-09 17:05:57 0 举报AI智能生成
语法B的时态是英语中的一种基本时态，用于描述在过去、现在和将来发生的事情。在描述过去的事件时，我们使用过去时态，如“I walked to the store yesterday.”（我昨天步行去了商店）。在描述现在正在进行的动作时，我们使用现在进行时态，如“She is studying for her exams right now.”（她现在正在为考试学习）。在描述将来要发生的事情时，我们使用将来时态，如“We will go on vacation next month.”（我们下个月将去度假）。通过使用不同的时态，我们可以更准确地表达事件发生的时间，使语言更加生动和准确。
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
一般时
一般现在时
表示现在的状态或现阶段的状态 do/does
含有明显时间特征词 如always, often等
e.g.：He always goes to school by bike.
e.g.：I usually play basketball once a week.
常用的句型结构：if/when/unless/as soon as do/does ...will do...
e.g.：We will go shopping if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
e.g.：When he comes this afternoon, I will tell him something about it.
含有真理性
e.g.：He told me that there are 12 months in a year.
e.g.：They said the sun rises uh the east and sets in the west.
含有感官动词 如look, taste等
e.g.：The music sounds beautiful.
e.g.：The fish tastes good.
表示主语的性质、特征、爱好、能力、性格
e.g.：This book is interesting.
e.g.：This boy is kind of everyone.
一般过去时
表示动作发生在过去，结束在过去，与现在没有任何联系 did
含有明显的时间特征词 如yesterday last night等
e.g.：I bought a new shirt yesterday.
e.g.：He was a teacher two years ago.
无时间，衬出来
通过另一个动词衬出来
e.g.：--How was your trip to HangZhou, Jim?
--Great! We went to so many sights.
通过另一句的现在完成时衬出来
e.g.：--I had a supper.
--When did you have it?
通过含when的对话衬出来
e.g.：--Hello! I'm very glad to see you!
--When did you arrive here?
进行时
现在进行时
表示动作这一刻正在发生或现阶段正在发生 am/is/are doing
当句子中出现明显的时间特征词时 如now, these day等
e.g.：He is writing a letter now.
e.g.：They are playing basketball
当句子中出现look, listen, be quiet, where's sb.? 时
e.g.：Listen! The children are listening a song.
e.g.：Be quiet, please. The students are having a class.
现在进行时表将来 常用：come arrive go leave start begin等
e.g.：He is leaving.
e.g.：The train is arriving.
当always与be doing连用，表示赞扬、责备、厌恶...等语气
e.g.：He is always helping others.
e.g.：He always throws waste paper onto the ground.
过去进行时
表示动作在过去某一刻正在发生或过去某段时间正在发生 was/were doing
含有明显的时间特征词 如this time yesterday, this time last night等
e.g.：I was washing my ciothes this time yesterday.
e.g.：They were playing basketball at that time.
无时间，衬出来，看准三个词：when, as, while （延续性动词用was/were doing；瞬间性动词用did）
e.g.：When I got home, my son was listening to music.
e.g.：As he was reading the magazine, the bus went away.
完成时
现在完成时
表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，动词是连续性动词 对现在造成的结果或影响 have/has done
题中含有5种明显特征词
①for+时间段
e.g.：He has lived in Beijing for ten years.
②since（ever since, since then后面不能跟其他名词）have/has done since ...did...
e.g.：He has lived at the village since then.
e.g.：Her brother has been in the party since 1978.
③so far
e.g.：I have remember 2000 words so far.
④in （during）the past（last）+时间段
e.g.：He has changed much in the past three years.
⑤This/it is the first（second, third, fourth...）time that
e.g.：It is the first time that he has come to China.
题中含有模糊时间词（6个）
①already 以前
e.g.：I have seen this book already.
②just 刚才
e.g.：Has he just read a magazine?
③ever 曾经
e.g.：Have you ever watched the film?
④never 从不
e.g.：She never has played volleyball.
⑤before 之前
e.g.：The children have played game before.
⑥yet 还；也
e.g.：They haven't come yet.
无时间，传递给对方的信息是动作的结果
e.g.：We have decided go to the picnic by lake.
e.g.：I'm sorry. I have forgotten your name.
短暂性动词的现在完成时不能与时间段连用，一旦连用，就要用短暂性动词的状态词 如have leaved→have been away
e.g.：He has had the watch for a year.
e.g.：Her brother has been in the party since 1978.
区别
①have been to--去过（已回）
e.g.：She has been to HongKong. She likes this city.
②have gone to--去了（没回）
e.g.：He isn't here. He has gone to America.
③have been in--去了，待在某地，表示状态，后一般有时间段
e.g.：She has been in England for two years.
过去完成时
表示过去的时间之前已经完成--过去的过去 had done
含有明显的特征词--by+过去的时间
e.g.：By last night, he had remember 200 words.
e.g.：We had learned five songs by the end of last term.
无时间，动词衬，通过句子中的一个明显的过去衬出来，表示另一个动作发生先于过去是动作
e.g.：After she had typed all the articles, he left.
e.g.：When I got home, my cousin had been away for half an hour. I didn't meet him.
将来完成时
在将来的某个时间前完成某事 will have done
含有明显的标志词 by+将来的时间词
e.g.：They'll have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.
e.g.：We shall have learned 12 units by the end of this term.
将来时
一般将来时
will do/be going to do 时间特征词如tomorrow in ten minutes等
有计划，有目的的 用be going to do
e.g.：She is going to buy a coat this afternoon.
e.g.：I'm going to be back in ten minutes.
有迹象发生的 用be going to do
e.g.：Look at that black cloud. It's going to rain.
e.g.：I'm not feeling well today. I think I'm going to a cold.
纯粹的将来 用will do
e.g.：He will be thirty next week.
e.g.：Next Friday will be his birthday.
表示上对下的命令，或即将完成的任务 用be to do
e.g.：Before you go out, you are to finish painting.
e.g.：You are to hand in your homework after school.
下一刻，马上就要发生 用be about to do
e.g.：The film is about to start.
e.g.：The train is about to leave.
过去将来时
在过去谈论将来 would do
明显的时间特征词：did...+将来的时间
e.g.：He said he would come to see me next week.
e.g.：Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years.
动词did：if/when/as soon as/unless+did would do
e.g.：When she came, I would tell her something interesting.
e.g.：When she came, I would tell her something interesting.
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