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Chapter 12 Broadcasting and Muticasting

2016-09-20 23:04:16   0  举报

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12.1 Introduction

Broadcasting and multicasting only apply to UDP, where it makes sense for an application to send a single message to multiple recipients. TCP is a connection oriented protocol that implies a connection between two host and one more process on each host.

12.2 Broadcasting

we show four different forms of IP broadcast addresses.

Limited Broadcast

The limited broadcast address is 255.255.255.255 .This can be used as the destination address of an IP datagram during the host configuration process, when the host might not know its subnet mask or even its IP address.

Net-directed Broadcast

The net-directed broadcast address has a host ID of all one bits. A class A net-directed broadcast address is netid.255.255.255, where netid is the class A network ID.

Subnet-directed Broadcast

The subnet-directed broadcast address has a host ID of all one bits but a specific subnet ID .

All-subnets-directed Broadcast

An all-subnets-directed broadcast address also requires knowledge of the destination network's subnet mask, to differntiate this broadcast address from a net-directed broadcast address.

12.3 Broadcasting Examples

12.4 Multicasting

IP multicasting provides two services for an application.

In this section we'll take a look at multicast addresses, and the next chapter looks at the protocol used by multicasting hosts and routers.

Multicast Group Addresses.

Converting Multicast Group Addresses to Ethernet Addresses.

Multicast on FDDI and Token Ring Networks

12.5 Summary