如何阅读一篇经济学人的文章？
2022-03-16 11:44:10 2 举报AI智能生成
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经济学人深度阅读理解方法
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
Think Tank 智囊
New Trend 新趋势
New Concept新概念
1. Thought leadership世界政治经济思想的前瞻性
Global全球化
Time跨越周期
2. Coverage纵深的覆盖面
statement陈述
argument驳斥
reasonable有理有据
fully interpretatioin充分阐述
efficient高效
less is more简约不简单
compact紧凑不松散
3. Logical&structural逻辑性和结构化
扼要
concise
简洁
succinct
洞察
insightful
雄辩
Eloquent
文笔精炼有趣
rhetoric
4. Convincing说服力
TE文章特点
a. 不要自我局限
b. 不要分神于碎片化的语言知识点收集
1. beyond language超越语言局限
a. 阅读时跳出知识点限制
b. 阅读后系统化相关知识点
2. beyond background knowledge超越背景局限
a.不要被文章观点限制
b. 建立独立思考能力
c. 尝试与作者思辨
3. beyond opinion超越观点局限
阅读TE要注意3 beyonds突破三个局限
预判-努力走得比作者快
多问-随时提出问题
搜索-带着问题寻找答案
initiative主动性阅读
不被困难干扰
不被细枝末节干扰
In-focus注意力高度集中
上下文
前后文
inter-linkage关联阅读
保持阅读的流畅感
保持理解的递进感
in-flow
能进入作者的视角，也能跳出他的界限
能出能进
带走需要的，放下不需要的
能放能收
inside-out
5 “I”s
TE 阅读要求
外框
1. Why TE？
TS 提出观点
引经据典
溯源考证
Stepstone铺垫观点
大背景
Setup 环境创设
开头
分述段
总述段
反对段
支持段
主题段
鼓励
支持
抗议
反对
揶揄
被迫接受
结尾
段落模式
支持句
反对句
文章主旨句
分述句
总述句
段落主旨句
句子构成
段落
4. 泛读
R.U.R是Rossum's Universal Robots的缩写，意为罗素姆万能机器人。剧本中一位名叫罗素姆的哲学家研制出一种机器人，被资本家大批制造来充当劳动力。这些大批制造的机器人外貌与人类相差无几，并可以自行思考，然而一场机器人灭绝人类的叛变计划正在进行……该剧于1921年在布拉格演出，轰动了欧洲。卡雷尔·恰佩克作品中创造了「robot」（机器人）一词。这个词源于捷克语的「robota」，意思是「苦力」。之后该词被欧洲各国语言吸收而成为世界性的名词。在该剧的结尾，机器人接管了地球，并毁灭了它们的创造者。
*Karel Capek
背景知识
同类文章
如何阅读一篇经济学人？
Coin-熟词僻义
1. “Robot”was coined by C
artificial
fully functional
2. C imagined servants
for most of their history
dump
inelegant
mechanical
sitting out of sight in factory
1. 核心句子
非主题段
铺垫段
No
2. 文章主题句是否出现？
溯源
step stone
用一个词的诞生历史
Rise of the word of “robot”
3. 如何开头？
however
标志词
out of sight
反向
限制时间跨度
限制词
4. 方向词
R.U.R是Rossum's Universal Robots的缩写，意为罗素姆万能机器人。剧本中一位名叫罗素姆的哲学家研制出一种机器人，被资本家大批制造来充当劳动力。这些大批制造的机器人外貌与人类相差无几，并可以自行思考，然而一场机器人灭绝人类的叛变计划正在进行该剧于1921年在布拉格演出，轰动了欧洲。卡雷尔·恰佩克作品中创造了「robot」（机器人）一词。这个词源于捷克语的「robota」，意思是「苦力」。之后该词被欧洲各国语言吸收而成为世界性的名词。在该剧的结尾，机器人接管了地球，并毁灭了它们的创造者。
R.U.R
5. 背景知识
P1
cameras and sensors
cheap
wireless communication
fast
chips
powerful and smaller
Which brought
2. Robots have benefited from innovations in smartphone
make robots better informed about their surroundings
in machine learning
added software
to make wiser decisions
equipped them
3. more recent advances have
carefully industrial settings
everyday life
leaving...for...
in the coming years
increasely
in supermarket
clinics
social care
and much more
and will work
4. Robots are
4. Robots are...and will...
TS
Yes
dump machine servant
从污历史
from industrial setting to everyday life
will increasely work in... and much more
到好日子
3. 主题如何亮相？
change
pwerful and smaller
innovations
make better
add
make wiser
equipped
advances
正向
More recent
P2
1. They could not be coming at a better time.
demand has recovered faster
some people left
2. many industries are facing a shortage
e-commerce boom
3. Warehousing has grown
picking items
rising number of boxes
helping pack
4.Robots are indispensable
delivering goods
5. They are begining to trundle
short of workers but with lots of elderly folks to look after
6. More robots would be a good thing.
1. They could not be coming at a better timing
2. 本段作用
P3
robots will destroy jobs
1.And yet many people fear that
2013
Oxford University
47% were at risk of being aumomated
2. a paper was misinterpreted
反面论调
P4
evidence
2. robot will be disruptive but beneficial
highest robot penetration
strong workforces
3. Japan and South Korea
robots booted employment rate
4. Yale University study
motivated jobs from manufacture to other sector
no decreases in overall vacancies
5. Research from the bank of Korea
Finnish firms
technology increases hiring
6. another study by MIT
驳斥反调
P5
打开听觉相关的接收通道
听力
锻炼发音肌肉
影子跟读
ROI
需要大量练习
口音问题
1.语音和拼读
代价昂贵
浪费时间
不会花很多时间讲解单词
影响阅读行进和阻碍理解的很重要的核心词
核心词
熟词僻义，一词多义，同义词、近义词、意群词，语境词 等自成体系的词
体系词
转折
让步
影响句子和段落方向的标志词
表达作者态度和观点的态度词
态度词
非常高频使用的动词和形容词和概念词
高频词
通过阅读熟悉使用的场景获得深度理解，通过平时不懈积累加上安排刻意大量的练习加大广度
2. 单词
语感和意群上的本能把握
结构层次上的分析把握
长难句
对段落的作用
句子间的起承转合
3. 句子
如何通过段落实现主题的传达
如何通过段落实现主题的支持
如何通过段落实现主题的细化
4. 段落
2. 阅读TE文章过程中的关注重点
小标题
大标题
纲举目张
从大到小
层层递进
从简到繁
标题
段落分布
字体
颜色
加粗
图片
highlights
3. Before the reading阅读之前
automation
smart machines
robots
should welcome
态度
rise
状态和趋势
Robots have been dump devices.
Things are starting to change.
They could not be coming at a better time.
And yet many people fear that robots will destroy jobs.
Concerns are overblown.
The march of the robots will bring big changes to work place.
P6
Some people will be on the losing end of change.
P7
No reason to think that their future match C's satire.
P8
1.the march will bring big changes
2. the skills and firms will shift
3. But that need not be the disaster
because they displace...
4. one \"bad automation\" is
unpleasant work
stigmatised work
5. But this is hardly dystopian
dealing with people
more rewarding
6. Checkout staff find that...
1. the march will bring big changes
进一步支持
even as
the robots make society as a whole better off
1.some people will be on the losing end
the growth in trade triggered a political backlash
freewheeling globalisation-1990s-2000s
2. one lesson is that...
to recognise the value of retaining of lifelong learning
3. firms and government would do well
to require new skills
to work with robot
4. worker should be helped
补充
revolution
1. gains are huge
in play
unemployment and worse
2. robots revolt and cause...
their future
C's satire
3. The beginings have not matched
their future needs to(match) either
4.no reason to think that
1. gains from revolution are huge.
2. 文章主题句是否被确认强调？
huge
3. 方向词
in the play
the world's real robots
对比
not match
beginning to the end
4. 文章如何结尾？
四六级
研究生
出国考试
阅读理解
前瞻的大局观
认知思辨
自我成长
择业
炒股
自我投资
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