英语特殊句式总结笔记

eg:Never in her life did she do such a thing.

I've tried very hard to improve my English.But by no means is the teacher satisfied with my progress.

Seldom do I go to the cinema because I don't really like it.

never;not;nor;hardly;seldom;barely;little;nowhere;by no means;at no time;by no way;in no case;rarely;on no condition（绝不）等

1、含否定意思的副词or词组置于句首，部分倒装

eg: Only then did I realize that I was wrong.

Only in this way can you improve your pronunciation.

Only when he returned did we find out the truth.

only修饰主语时，句子不倒装

2、only+副词、介词短语、状语从句+助动词、情态动词、be+主语+谓语动词…

→He likes watching football matches but he doesn't like playing football.

→So it is with me. So it is the same with me.

如果句子既有肯定又有否定或谓语的形式不同，用so it is(was) with sb.(So it is/was the same with.)

3、so(也)+情态动词、助动词、be+主语 Neither/nor(也不)+情态动词、助动词、be+主语

So heavy is this bag that I can't carry it.

4、在“so/such…that…”句型中，将so/such+所修饰成分置于句首时，主句用部分倒装

5、not only…but also...中，只有not only后面的句子要倒装。而neither...nor...连接的两个句子都要倒装。

No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.

7、as/though引导让步状语从句，though可倒可不倒，as必倒

May you succeed.

8、may表祝愿

部分倒装：只把谓语的一部分（系动词，情态动词，助动词）置于主语前

There is a garden behind the house.

1、There be句型

Out rushed the children.

Here comes the bus.

Away went the girl.

here;there;now;then;up;down;in the room;on the wall;out;off...

Here it is.

当主语是代词时，主谓不倒装

2、表地点、方位或时间的副词或介词短语放在句首

Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.(adj.作表语)

3、表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为:表语+连系动词+主语

完全倒装：谓语动词全部置于主语前

倒装句

It is I that/who am right.

It was Lucy that we meet at the school gate.(强调宾语)

所强调的可以是单词、短语、从句，但结构要完整

It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.(强调状语)

被强调的成分是主语、宾语、状语，但不能是谓语、定语

1、结构：It is/was +被强调部分+that/who+句子剩余部分

Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out?

Is it Professor Wang that/who teaches you English?

2、强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who +其他成分？

Who was it that broke the window?

When was it that you called me yesterday?

What is it that you want me to do?

3、强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+is/was it that +其他成分？

It was not until ten o'clock that he went to bed.

It was not until the last operation was finished that Bethune left the battle hospital.

4、not...until...句型的强调句：It is/was not until...that+其他成分

It is there that accidents often happen. →Accident often happen there.（句子完整，强调句）

It is clear that not all boys like football. →Clear not all boys like football.(句子结构不完整，it作形式主语)

去掉It is/was和that，剩余部分仍能构成一个完整的句子，就是强调句。否则就不是。

5、强调句型中的it和形式主语的it比较

Do come this evening.

He did write to you last week.

6、对谓语动词的强调用do/does/did

①It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.(强调句)

②It was midnight when/before I got back home yesterday.（状语从句）

It was two years before he came back from abroad.(!before)

It was two years later that he came back from abroad.

强调句中时间状语的表达：(都表示：他两年后回国。)

7、强调句型It is/was...that... It is/was+时间+when/before从句 It is+时间+since从句 It was not long before...等句型的区别

It might be his father that you're thinking of.

It must have been his brother that you saw.

8、有时可用It might be...that...或It must have been...that...句型

强调句型

He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.

状语从句中，当从句的主语与主句的主语一致，或从句主语是it，且谓语部分含有系动词be时，可将从句主语和be省略

可用so/not等来代替省略内容

状语从句的省略

→Will you join in the game? —I'd be glad to.

→Shall I go instead of him. →I prefer not to.(否定形式的省略用not to)

→Are you monitor of our class?

不定式的省略

省略

①must 表示“必须，有必要”时，疑问部分用mustn't;needn't. 若陈述部分有mustn't表“禁止”，疑问部分常用must.

②当must，用来表示对现在情况进行推测时，反义疑问句部分要根据must后的动词采用相应的形式。

③当must 表示对过去情况的推测，反意疑问句部分用didn't（有明确的表过去的时间状语），或用haven't/hasn't（没有明确的时间）

1、must

反意疑问句用usedn't或didn't

2、used to

3、否定词或半否定词

4、“否定”意义前缀，反意疑问句部分用否定形式

②若陈述部分主语是第二、三人称，疑问部分主语和助动词与主句一致。

5、宾语从句

①否定陈述，will you?

②肯定陈述，will/won't you?

6、祈使句的反意疑问句

要么肯定到底，要么否定到底

7、回答反意疑问句时，只看所提到的事是否已发生，若发生，用肯定；未发生，用否定。

8、附加问句主语和陈述部分主语在人称、数量上保持一致的几种情况。

反意疑问句

1、there be 结构符合“就近一致”原则

There have been many great changes in our country.

There must be some mistakes.

There is/was/will be /have been /can't be...

2、there be 有多种时态

There is likely to be something wrong with her computer.

There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.

I never dreamed of three being a picture on the wall.

I expect there to be many chances for him to get a job.

4、there be句型的非谓语形式

there be句型

Don't be so sure.

Never come late.

Do come on time this evening.

1、祈使句的肯定式、否定式、强调式

2、为了加强感情色彩或指明向谁提出要求，祈使句可带主语或名称

3、祈使句+and+简单句，表示“如果...就...”

4、祈使句+or /otherwise+简单句，表示“...否则...”

祈使句

英语特殊句式总结笔记