一般现在时语法总结
2023-11-17 16:14:42 5 举报AI智能生成
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，表示现在的特征或状态。其动词形式是：动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外，要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does。
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
系表结构
人称代词主格(主语) + is/are/am + 形容词(表语)
Be 的变化规则<br>I -- am 、We--are、 You--are、 She -- is、 He --is 、 It --is、 They--are
I am capable. <br>You are happy. <br> She is rich.
名词(主语) + is/are + 形容词(表语)
专用名词的人名和地名作主语时（单数概念），be --->is
Nick is busy.<br>Nick is famous.
如果是并列人名或地名作主语（复数概念），be-->are
Nick and Jack are busy.<br>Guangzhou and Beijing are big.
可数名词单数作主语，be -->is
The student is happy. <br>This student is happy.<br>My student is happy.<br>Nick`s student is happy.
可数名词复数作主语，be -->are
Teachers are busy.<br>The teachers are busy.<br>My teachers are busy.
不可数名词作主语 be -->is 也是特别强调泛指。（单数概念）
Water is important.<br>The Water is important.
人称代词主格(主语) + is/are/am + 名词(表语)
名词作表语要考虑名词的单复数规则以及一些逻辑问题
表示人的名词---人名
I am Nick. <br>You are Jack.<br>She is Lily.
只有主语是I 的情况下 Be动词才是am
表示职业的名词
I am a doctor. <br>You are a student. <br>I am his doctor.<br>They are teachers.<br>It is my room(it 可以表示物。所有表语也可以表示是事物)<br>You are students.
名词(主语) + is/are + 名词(表语)
形容词性物主代词(主语) + is/are + 名词（表语）
一个人名或一个地名作主语用（专有名词） be--->is
Nick is a teacher.<br>Tony is my barber.
表示并列的人名或地名作主语 be -->are
Nick and Jack are teachers.
可数名词单数作主语 be --->is
My father is a teacher.<br>His sister is a nurse.
可数名词复数作主语 be -->are
The teachers are my friends.<br>My students are bosses.
不可数名词作主语 (单数概念)be --> is
Rice is important food.<br>The rice is my breakfast.
主语 + be + 表语句型在一般现在时态里面变否定词
只需要在肯定句be(is/are/am)后面添加否定词not就可以了
I am a teacher.<br>I am not a teacher.
She is pretty.<br>She is not pretty.
主语 + be + 表语句型在一般现在时态里面变为一般疑问句
将肯定句里面的be(is/are/am)移动到句首再加问号。<br>但是一定要根据实际情况，将主语的人称改变一下，又因为人称变化了，所有be 也要跟着变化
肯：I am a teacher.<br>疑：Are you a teacher?<br>肯定回答：Yes，I am.<br>否定回答：No，I am not.
肯：She is pretty.<br>疑：Is She pretty?<br>肯定回答：Yes.She is.<br>疑问回答：No,She is not.
They are farmers.<br>Are They farmers?<br>Yes,they are.<br>No,they are not.
We are students.<br>Are you students? <br>Yes,we are.<br>No,we are not.
My sister is beautiful.<br>Is your sister beautiful？
主谓宾结构
非单三<br>谓语动词为原型
人称代词主格（主语） + 不及物动词原型（谓语）+ 【状语】 不及物动词没有宾语
I sleep every day.<br>We bathe every day.<br>You work every day.<br>They dance every day.
名词复数（主语） + 不及物动词原型（谓语） + 状语
My friends work every day.<br>The children`s fathers dance every day.<br>These mothers run every day.
并列人名时的谓语不及物动词也是原型(复数概念)<br>Nick and Jack work every day.
人称代词主格（主语） + 及物动词原型（谓语） + 宾语 + 状语
I bake potatoes every day.<br>You believe me.<br>We believe the doctor.<br>You buy a book every year.<br>We eat apples every day.
名词复数（主语） + 及物动词原型（谓语）+宾语+状语
My friends believe Nick.<br>My classmates buy new clothes every year.<br>The nurses believe the doctor.<br>My daughters drink milk every day.
并列名词作主语 + 及物动词原型（谓语）+宾语<br>Nick and Jack buy clothes every day.
主语（非第三人称单数）+谓语+宾语 ---->一般疑问句
在肯定句的局首加一个助动词---do，没有意思，只是帮助构成疑问句，有时需要根据逻辑，需要改变一下主语的人称。
I read books every day.<br>Do you read books every day?<br>They sell fruit.<br>Do they sell fruit?<br>My friends work every day.<br>Do your friends work every day?<br>The Nurese work every day.<br>Do the Nurses work every day?
主语（非第三人称单数）+谓语+宾语---->一般否定句
在谓语动词的前面加助动词do的否定式do not或简写don`t
I read books every day.<br>I don’t read books every day.<br>I work every day.<br>I don’t work every day.
单三<br>谓语动词变为第三人称单数格式
一般现在时态主谓宾第二种构成方式：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要变成第三人称单数格式。第三人称单数，主要是因为名词前面的定语影响。<br>Your father---->your 是father的定语，所以father是第三人称单数。
以下词语作主语时，谓语动词是第三人称单数：<br>1、人称代词主格：she、he、it <br>2、所有的名词的单数：train、bus、father、mother、doctor <br>3、一个人名、地名，都是第三人称单数：Nick，Jack、Beijing <br>4、不可数名词：water、sugar <br>5、指示代词：this、that<br>6、主语从句等
1、人称代词主格的第三人称单数 + 不及物动词第三人称格式 + 状语
She runs every day. <br>He laughs every day.<br>It sleeps every day.
2、名词单数 + 不及物动词第三人称格式 + 状语
My father swims every day.<br>Your father works every day.<br>His father works every day.<br>This classmate runs every day.
人名为专属名词，第三人称单数，可以直接作主语，不需要加限定词和冠词。 <br>Nick runs every day.
3、人称单词主格的第三人称单数 + 及物动词第三人称单数格式 + 宾语 + 状语
She buys books every day. <br>He drinks water every day.<br>It eats pork every day.
4、名词单数 + 及物动词第三人称单数格式 + 宾语 + 状语
My friend believes the doctor. <br>His sister likes English.<br>Her boyfrinend bakes potatoes every day.
人名为专属名词也是第三人称单数，可以直接作主语，不需要加限定词和冠词。 <br>Nick likes money.
5、主语（第三人称单数） + 谓语 + 宾语在一般现在时态里面变一般疑问句的规则
在句子首添加助动词 does 再把第三人称单数的格式变回原型，注意有时根据逻辑主语的人称需要改变一下。
肯定句 ：She likes playing Pingpong.<br>一般疑问句：Does she like playing Pingpong？
肯定句：He has a cat.<br>疑问句：Does he have a cat？
He speaks Japanese.<br>Does he speak Japanese?
My friend works every day.<br>Does your friend work every day?
6、主语（第三人称单数） + 谓语 + 宾语 再一般现在时态变否定句
在谓语动词前添加does的否定式--->does not(doesn`t)，然后谓语动词变为原型
He has a cat.<br>He doesn`t have a cat.
My father likes wine.<br>My father doesn`t like wine.
用法
主谓宾
1、表示真理性、客观性的动作和状态。<br>The earth is round.
2、表示经常性的、习惯性的、有规律的动作和状态的时候。<br>I often eat rice.<br>I am poor.
主系表
1、不会很轻易的改变的状态。<br>He is a boy.<br>The house is very big.
2、此时此刻的状态。<br>I am tired now.
一般现在时态的时间状语
一般现在时态的时间状语都是表示经常性的、习惯性的或者有规律性的词语
Every + 表示时间的名词单数，可以直接充当一般现在时态的时间状语
一般现在时态的时间状语也可以是由频度副词充当。
常用的频度副词：Always、often、usually、never
1、主系结构--->放在Be\助动词\情态动词后面
I am often late.<br>She is always hard-working.<br>Do you always get up late?<br>Can you often read English?
2、主谓结构--->放在实义动词前面，主语+（频度副词）+谓语+宾语
I never drink wine.<br>l often play basketball.<br>She always comes back late at night.<br>I don`t often eat rice.
3、频度副词和时间状语是可以一起出现的，但是要注意逻辑问题：
I always eat bread every day. 有矛盾！！！ <br>改为：I always eat bread every mornig.
备注
非单三 ：
主语是第一人称单数、第二人称、第三人称复数、名词复数
单三
主语是第三人称单数、名词单数、不可数名词
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