Ecology
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Ecology: Physical environment </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;<br>mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:<br>minor-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings">ç</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Wingdings;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;<br>mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:<br>minor-latin;mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:Wingdings">è </span><span lang="EN-US">organism each other<o:p></o:p></span></p>
Tips
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:<br>107%;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;<br>mso-fareast-font-family:等线;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:<br>minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;<br>mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">Organism < <b><span style="color:#5B9BD5;<br>mso-themecolor:accent1">Population < Community</span></b> < Ecosystem < <b><span style="color:#5B9BD5;<br>mso-themecolor:accent1">Biome</span></b> (region’s ecosystem) < Biosphere</span>
Ecosystem
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">community (</span>Biotic <span lang="EN-US">factor) + environment they interact with</span> (Abiotic factor)</p>
Population Growth
Biotic potential
Age (Reproduction begin)
Life span (reproduing)
Number of reproduction periods
Offspring per reproduction
Growth rate partten
J
Petri dish
Exponential Growth/Unrestrained
S
Lap
Exponential Growth
Deceleration
Stable
Carrying capacity
K
Oscillate (振荡)
Crash
Limited Factors
Density-dependent/independent
Community
Competition
-/-
Same niche（生态位）: cannot coexist
Avoid
Resource Partitioning（分隔）
Character Displacement
Predation
+/-
Passive Defence
Aposematic coloration
Poison
Mullerian mimicry
+/+ 模仿与被模仿着均不得使用，捕食者食用一种便两个都不会惹 （对捕食者与猎物都好）
Food Chain
producer (Greatest biomass): Diatom (Oceans)/green plant/Phytoplankton (aquatic)
Two system: trophic level/Producer+primary consumer
No Decomposer
Fungi/bacteria: Decomposer
Net Primary Productivity = Gross Primary Productivity - energy wasted
Biological Magnification
Ecological Succession
Primary ecological succession: NO Soil
Secondary succession: soil left
Finally: Climax community
Biomes
Marine
Largest: 3/4 of the Earth
Most stable
Tropical rainforest
Greatest diversity
20% net carbon fixation (food)
Epiphytes
Desert
Most extreme temperaature fluctuation
Temperate grassland
Temperate Deciduous Forest or Boreal Forest
Vertical stratification
Conifer forest-Taiga
The largest terrestrial biome
Human's influences
Eutrophication of the lakes
Accumulate
Oxygen level
Detritivores （食腐）
Acid rain
Toxin
Global warming
Green house effect
Depleting the ozone layer
Chlorofluorocarons (氟利昂)
Introduction of new species
The "Killer Honeybee"
The Zebra Mussel
Pesticide-->biological control
