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2016-11-23 15:56:01 0 举报AI智能生成
英语国家概况 A DUIDE TO ENGLISH-SPEAKING COUNTRIES
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Political Parties
two-party system
the Democratic party
donkey
the party of labor, minorities and progress reformers
liberal ideology
government plays an important role , full employment
civil rights laws, a strong social security system, less restrictive abortion laws...
the Republican Party
elephant
northern capitalists who opposed slavery
conservative
enterprises freedom and government control inflation
a strong military posture and assertive stand in international relations
Election
the aspirants
primary election
travel around the country to arouse public confidence in their platform
the first stage
the second stage
Constitution
Time
drawn up in 1787
came into being in 1789
Characteristics
checks and balances
Constitute specifies the respective powers of federal government and of the state government
Purpose
Amendments
1791,Bill of Rights
Influence
The Constitution of the United States takes precedence over all state constitutions and laws , and over laws made by the U.S.Congress
has inspired dozens of other countries seeking political reform
Government
three principles
The legislature
Congress
consists of
Senate
100 voting members, two from each of the 50 states
may be reelected for an unlimited number of six-year terms
over 30 years old ,a resident in the state which they represent, a U.S. citizen for at least 7 years
chosen directly by all the voted in their states
introduce legislation on any subject except revenue bills
the House of Representives
435 voting members, divided among the 50 states in proportion to their total population
over 25 years old, a U.S. citizen for at least 7years
introduce legislation on any suject
function
to pass laws for the union
complicated process
bills are introduced
sent to a proper committee
sub-committee holds hearings
reported to the House of representatives or the Senate
Conference Committee works out a compromise
presdent
The cxecutive
consists of
15 departments and many independent agencies
president
manage national affairs and the working of the federalgovernment
controls American foreign policy
influence the decision of the federal courts
holds significant influence in law-making
limited powers
over 35 years old, resident in U.S. for at least 14 years
works and lives in the White House in Washington, D.C.
The judiciary
Supreme Court
highest
1 chief justice, 8 associate justice
major powers
to interpret laws
to hear appeals from any federal court cases
to hear appeals from state court cases that involve the Constitution or national laws
may declare a law unconstitutional
may declare a presidential act unconstitutional
limited by president and congress
time
on the first Monday of October till the late June of the next year
the courts of appeals
to share the burden of the Supreme Court ,but they are under the Supreme court
12 appeal regions
the district courts
94 federal judicial districts
each state has its own judicial system
Foreign Policy
Containment and Intervention
Neutrality
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