第二天 突破英语的冠词

<span style="font-size: 14px;">1、是一种虚词。所谓的虚词，是指不能在句中单独构成成分的几类词，有冠词，连词和介词等。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;需要强调的是，副词在英语中是实词作状语，而在中文中就是虚词。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2、不能单独使用，而且不能构成句子成分。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;3、是用来说明名词的，而不是修饰名词，这一点要注意。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">分为定冠词（the），不定冠词（a和an）和零冠词。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">a一般用于辅音音素前，发作/a/；an用于元音音素前，发作/æn/。，e.g.: an hour, an honest boy, &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;a university, a big apple</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">不定冠词表示单数"一”或不确定时使用，源于数词one。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; e.g.: A boy is standing under the tree.一个男孩正站在树下。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">用于单行名词前表示一类东西。e.g.: A horse is smaller than an elephant.马比象小。（并不是一匹马比一头大象小） &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;可数名词的类指实际上有三种方式。1、A horse is smaller than an elephant.2、The horse is smaller than the elephant.3、Horses are smaller than &nbsp;elephants. &nbsp;这三句都是”马比象小“，在用法上，可以在可数名词单数前加定冠词和不定冠词，以及把它们变成复数形式。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">固定词组。1、as a matter of fact事实上；2、as a result结果；3、a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）； &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;a little（修饰不可数名词）；4、a bit&nbsp;一点； 5、a little bit more一点点；6、a lot of; a great of; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;a great number of许多</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">1、零冠词在英语中运用得相当广泛，不代表没有冠词，而是省略用法。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">2、用于泛指人类或男女时。Man is mortal.人总有一死。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">3、用于"kind(sort) of"后。e.g.:What kind of deer it is?这是哪种鹿？</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">4、用于职务，职位和头衔前。e.g.:He was elected our president.他被选举为我们的主席。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">5、用于月份、星期、节假日（国际性节日）和四季。Junuary; New Year; Chrismas Day; National Day; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; in spring/summer/autumn/winter王</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">6、用于复形名词前，表一类。e.g.:Horses are smaller than elephants.马比象小。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; （并不是一匹马比一头象小。）</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">7、用于一日三餐、球类运动前。e.g.: have supper; play football;play basketball &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;但有限定词修饰时要用冠词。have a delicious meal</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">8、用于”by+交通工具“前。e.g.: by car ; &nbsp;by plane &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Tips:注意by water和by air等词的用法，不是表示通过水和通过空气，而是表示通过水路和坐飞机。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">9、名词前有代词修饰时不用冠词。e.g.:Some apples are red.一些苹果是红的。They are doing their &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; homework. 他们正在做家庭作业。</span>

<span style="font-size: 14px;">10、固定词组。catch fire起火；lost heart丧失信心；take place发生；by chance偶然；by day整天；from time to time有时；on foot步行；oe by one一个接一个；heart and soul全心全意；in time及时；on time按时；in front of在前面；in spite of尽管；take part in参加；make use of利用。</span>