Government and the Commonwealt
2016-12-08 15:02:06 28 举报AI智能生成
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政府和共同体是两个相互关联的概念。政府是一个国家的管理机构，负责制定和执行法律、维护社会秩序、保护公民权益等。而共同体则是指一个由共同利益、价值观或目标联系在一起的群体，如社区、国家或国际社会。政府和共同体之间的关系是相辅相成的。政府需要共同体的支持来实施政策和法规，而共同体也需要政府的领导和管理来实现共同的目标。此外，政府还需要与其他国家和国际组织合作，以维护全球和平与稳定。总之，政府和共同体在促进社会进步和发展方面发挥着重要作用。
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Government
Constitution
Components
Statutory Law （成文法）
Common Law（判例法）
Conventions（习惯法）
Features
No written form
Changes in constitution can be more easily
Constitutional monarchy（君主立宪制）
Parliamentary sovereign（议会制）
Representative democracy（代表共和制）
The rule of law
Government
The Legislature
Parliament
Britain's supreme legislature
①King or Queen②the House of Lords（上议院）③the House of Commons（下议院）
the Upper HouseThe Lords SpiritualThe Lords Temporal
the Lower Housecenter of parliamentary power
Function
maximum duration：five years
dissolved by the Crown on the advice of the Prime Minister
The Executive
The Prime Minister
head of the government
leader of the majority party in Parliament
controls the Parliament
The Cabinet
Privy Council
a body of advisers ( 450 members )
current and former Cabinet members and important public figures
main duty : give advice
The Judiciary
proceedings
two branches of law
Civil law
Criminal law
Court System
Political Parties
overall introduction
The Parliament operates on a two-party system
originated in the late 17th century
The Conservative Party
the middle of the 19th century (old )
Right wing partystand for private enterprise and freedom from state control
supporters : middle& upper-middle classpeople of higher position
The Labor Party
in 1900 ( young )
Left wing partystand for national and communal growth
supporters : working class & common people relatively poor or underprivileged
The Liberal Democrats
formed : 1981
Election
held every five years in the 646 constituencies
candidate who win in the each constituency becomes a Member of Parliament
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