第七天 助动词5

是英语中一个语法范畴。它主要表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态可以分为两大类，即主动语态和被动语态。

子主题

 ①be动词的一般式和现在分词构成现在进行时态。e.g.: We are climbing the mountain.   他们正在爬山。They are doing their homework.他们正在做家庭作业。                                                            ②be动词的过去式和现在分词构成过去进行时态。e.g.:The river was being polluted by the factories.这条河正在被工厂污染。They were sleeping when it began to rain.当开始下雨时，他们正在睡觉 。③be动词和过去分词构成被动语态。e.g.: The room has never been entered by anyone.这间房从未有人进去过。We were always bothered by this people.我们总是被这些人打扰。

 ①have可以是实意动词，表示”拥有“，”举行“等含义。e.g.:I have a beautiful box.我有个很漂亮的盒子。We will have our sports meeting this afternoon.我们今天下午举行体育运动会。                ②have动词和动词过去分词构成现在完成时和过去完成时以及将来完成时。e.g.:We have already          passed this exam.我们已经通过这次考试。He said he had had to go to work.他说他不得不去工作。By 2019,our  factorywill have produced more missiles.2019年，我们厂将生产更多的导弹。     ③have动词还可以形成三个经典的短语。a、have something done  使某事情被做 e.g.:I have my      hair cut three days ago.我三天前把头发剪了。（在这里表示被动语态，头发不能自己剪，而是要被减） b、have somebody do  让某人做某事 e.g.: I have you wait for me now.我正让他等我。（在这里，have是使役动词的用法）c、have somebody doing  使某人保持某种状态  e.g.: I have her waiting for me for a  long time.我让他一直等了很久。

shall(should)和will(would)和动词原形构成一般将来时和过去将来时。e.g.: Bruce will attened a          meeting in  Shanghai next year.布鲁斯明年将要参加在上海的一个重要会议。We shall deal with       this affair.他们将处理好这件事。I said i should go to school first.我说我要先去上学。Tom said      he would listen to the music.他们说他要听音乐。

  ①do动词的各种形式构成各种疑问句。e.g.: Do you want to go home?你想回家吗？                          Did they really spend this money? 他们真花了这些钱吗？ What did she do? 他是干什么的？         ②do构成各种否定句。e.g.:He doesn't work hard.他工作不努力。She didn't like shopping.             ③do动词构成强调句型。e.g.: I do love you forever.我会爱你到永远。Do sit down!请坐下!