Mindmap: Chemistry Chapter 11

Sorting Melting and Boiling Points(Mixtures not accounted for)

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Chemistry: Intermolecular Forces

van der Waals Forces

Dipole-Dipole Force

Appears Between: Dipoles and Dipoles

Examples:

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) [BP: -10 C]

Arsine (AsH3) [BP: -62.5 C]

Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) [BP: -85.05 C]

Dipole-Induced Dipole Interaction

Appears Between: Dipoles and Non-polar Molecules

Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Hydrogen Gas (H2)

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Helium Gas (He)

Water (H2O) and Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)

Dispersion Forces

Appears Between: Non-polar Molecules and Non-polar Molecules

Helium (He) [BP: -268.9 C]

Hydrogen (H2) [BP: -252.9 C]

Xenon (Xe) [BP: -108.1]

Ion-Diople Forces

Ion-Dipole Force

Definition: When one pole of a dipole is attracted to an oppositely charged ion. Thenegative pole of a dipole will be attracted to a cation (positive charge) and the positive poleof a dipole will be attracted to an anion (negative charge.)

Appears Between: Ions and Dipoles

Water (H2O) and Dissolved Sodium Ion (Na+) in Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Solution

Water (H2O) and Dissolved Chloride Ion (Cl-) in Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) Solution

Water (H2O) and Dissolved Calcium (Ca) in Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) Solution

Ion-Induced Dipole Interaction

Definition: When an ion approaches a molecule without a dipole and causes achange in the distribution of charges to induce a dipole.

Appears Between: Ions and Non-polar Molecules

Cesium Fluoride (CsF) [BP: 1231 C]

Lithium Iodide (LiI) [BP: 1676 C]

Cesium Iodide (CsI) [BP: 1280 C]

Hydrogen Bonding

Ammonia (NH3) [BP: -33 C]

Water (H2O) [BP: 100 C]

Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) [BP: 19.5 C]