elixir
2019-08-01 18:28:55 0 举报AI智能生成
elixir的自学
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
编译文件
iex xxx
进入控制台：c "./xxx"
框架
phoenix
par1 building with functional MVC
环境安装
elixir
postgreSql
https://postgresapp.com/
get Start
creating ~/.mix/archives/phx_new
Going Deeper: The Request Pipeline
web app as a function
Your web applications are pipelines of plugs.
function break into Plug library
Each plug consumes and produces a common data structure called Plug.Conn
each individual plug as a function that takes a conn ,does something samall return a slightly changed conn
目录解析
assets
Browser files
js,css
config
lib
long-running processes
business logic
xx_web
web-related mvc templates
.ex files
compiles to .beam files run on Erlang VM
.exs files
Elixir scripts
not comlples to .beam
Can I Have More Than One Endpoint?
highlevel core concepts
context
A API Layer
验证用户
依赖
comeonin
hash 相关
pbkdf2_elixir
mix phx.gen.context Accounts Credential credentials \ email:string:unique password_hash:string user_id:references:users
Deleting a user should also delete the associated credentials so we changed the :on_delete for our :user_id reference from :nothing to :delete_all.
语言基础
Basic
value type
String
本质上是binary or list type
共性
#{expression} 插入表达式
arbitrary-sized integers
多进制
1_000_000
no fixed limit on the size of integers
floating-point numbers
atoms
rangs
reg
System types
PIDS and ports
references
类型
Collection Types
Tuples
常见示例
Lists
Keyword Lists
Keyword lists are typically used in the context of options passed to functions.
深入理解LIST
Maps
API
update Map
%{ old_map | key => value, ... } 本身不增加key
增加key字段
Map.put_new/3
如何选择 Map,Structs,KW LIst
要用模式匹配
map
than one entry with the same key?
keyword
元素是有序的
keyword
固定的某几个元素
struct
^ pin in map
两种表示
冒号
%{"G": "C", "C": "G", "T": "A", "A": "U"}
=>
%{"G" => "C", C => "G", T => "A", A => "U"}
如果你没key没加双引号 就会变成atom
Sets
API
Structs
a limited form of map.
the keys must be atoms
don’t have Dict capabilities.
maps的扩展：编译时的检查+默认值
错误示范
为啥wrapped in a module
如果你想添加struct-specific behavior
defstruct
A struct is a map that has a __struct__ key:
由来
Inside the module, you use the defstruct macro to define the struct’s members.
TypeCheck Function
函数
匿名函数
参数传递 !asign 而是 Pattern Matching
一个函数，多个函数体
:file.format_error
The & Notation
{},[]也是操作符
常见例子
一等公民
函数可以被函数返回
函数可以作为参数传递
函数参数 & pinned values
Functions Remember Their Original Environment
和闭包很像嘛
Named Functions
特征
do end 语法糖
函数调用
基础参数个数
基于参数类型
默认参数
参数少传了不可以
私有函数
The Amazing Pipe Operator: |>
理念
do end 内部是 do:
Modules
The import Directive
The alias Directive
Module Attributes
meta data
Compiling a Module
iex xxx.exs
c xxx.exs
If you’re already in IEx, you can use the c helper to compile your file without returning to the command line.
when关键字
List And Recursion
recursion is a perfect tool for processing lists
split a list into its head and its tail
[ head | tail ] = [ 1, 2, 3 ]
示例
head匹配多个元素
标准库List
++
flatten
folding
replace_at
keyfind
7.5 嵌套的结构
ProcessingCollections-Enum and Stream
Enum常见Api
Stream
并发编程
递归调用
尾递归调用
尾递归优化
转化成尾递归
进程相关
开启进程
spawn
进程的交互
send
receive
进程的结束
关联两个进程
子主题
监控进程
并行map
子主题
斐波那契服务器
Nodes
OTP
服务器
应用程序监视器
应用程序
任务代理
模式匹配
Map
按key Or value
Pattern Matching Can’t Bind Keys
pin operator
immutable
优点
side-effect-free functions
data consistency
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