Linux命令

交互shell命令行

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn(\"/bin/sh\")'

内核版本

cat /proc/version

uname -a

uname -mrs

rpm -q kernel

dmesg | grep Linux

ls /boot | grep vmlinuz

查看正在运行的程序及对应的用户权限

ps aux

ps -ef

top

cat /etc/services

查看安装了的应用

ls -alh /user/bin/

ls -alh /sbin/

dpkg -l

rpm -qa

ls -alh /var/cache/apt/archives

ls -alh /var/cache/yum

计划任务

crontab -l

ls -alh /var/spool/cron

ls -al /etc/ | grep cron

ls -al /etc/cron*

cat /etc/cron*

cat /etc/at.allow

cat /etc/at.deny

cat /etc/cron.allow

cat /etc/cron.deny

cat /etc/crontab

cat /etc/anacrontab

cat /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root

查看当前网络地址

/sbin/ifconfig -a

cat /etc/network/interfaces

cat /etc/sysconfig/network

查看网络通信

lsof -i

lsof -i :80

grep 80 /etc/services

netstat -antup

netstat -antpx

netstat -tulpn

chkconfig --list

chkconfig --list | grep 3:on

last

w

查看用户信息

id

who

cat /etc/passwd

\tcat /etc/group

cat /etc/shadow

ls -alh /var/mail/

grep -v -E \"^#\" /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$3 == 0 { print $1}'

列出超级用户

awk -F: '($3 == \"0\") {print}' /etc/passwd

cat /etc/sudoers

sudo -l

从配置文件里面寻找密码

cat /var/apache2/config.inc

cat /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD

cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg

ssh 私钥

cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys\tcat ~/.ssh/identity.pub\tcat ~/.ssh/identity\tcat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub\tcat ~/.ssh/id_rsa\tcat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub\tcat ~/.ssh/id_dsa\tcat /etc/ssh/ssh_config\tcat /etc/ssh/sshd_config\tcat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub\tcat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key\tcat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub\tcat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key\tcat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub\tcat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key 

~ 代表当前用户的家目录下

useradd -p 添加账户方法

useradd -p `openssl passwd 123456` guest

useradd newuwer;echo -e \"123456\123456\\" |passwd newuser

Linux命令

查看发行版本

cat /etc/issue

cat /etc/*release

操作系统类型版本

cat /etc/*-release

cat /etc/lsb-release  

#debain

cat /etc/redhat-release

#Redhat

环境变量

cat /etc/profile

cat /etc/bashrc

cat ~/.bash_profile

cat ~/.bashrc

cat ~/.bash_logout

env

set

以root权限运行的进程

ps aux | grep root

ps -ef | grep root

一些服务的配置文件

cat /etc/syslog.conf

cat /etc/chttp.conf

cat /etc/lighttpd.conf

cat /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

cat /etc/inetd.conf

cat /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

cat /etc/my.conf

cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

cat /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf

ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.*r.*/'

找存储的明文用户名，密码

grep -i user [filename]

grep -i pass [filename]

grep -C 5 \"password\" [filename]

find . -name \"*.php\" -print0 | xargs -0 grep -i -n \"var $password\" # Joomla

cat /etc/resolv.conf

cat /etc/networks

iptables -L

hostname

dnsdomainname

查看缓存

arp -e

route

/sbin/route -nee

列家目录

ls -ahlR /root/

ls -ahlR /home/

看其他用户的操作记录

cat ~/.bash_history

cat ~/.nano_history

cat ~/.atftp_history

cat ~/.mysql_history

cat ~/.php_history

chpasswd 添加账户方法

useradd newuser;echo \"newuser:password\"|chpasswd