考研英语翻译
2021-10-11 17:24:12 234 举报
AI智能生成
在考研英语翻译中,要求考生具备扎实的英语基础和较高的语言表达能力。翻译过程中需要准确理解原文的意思,同时注意语法、词汇和表达方式的准确性。此外,还需要注意文化差异和语言习惯的差异,以确保翻译结果符合目标语的语言规范和文化背景。在备考过程中,建议多读英文原著、报纸杂志等,积累词汇和语言表达经验;同时进行大量的翻译练习,不断提高自己的翻译水平和速度。最后,要保持耐心和恒心,不断努力提高自己的英语水平,才能在考研英语翻译中取得好成绩。
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
Socratic 苏格拉底
Charles Robert Darwin 达尔文
Marie Curie 玛丽居里
Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦
Stephen William Hawking 斯蒂芬 威廉 霍金
科学界
Clinton 克林顿
Bush 布什
Donald Trump 唐纳德·特朗普
政治家
Toyota 丰田
Honda 本田
Twitter 推特
WeChat 微信
企业
Boas and Sapir 鲍亚士 和 萨丕尔
Joshua Greenberg 格林伯格
Ted Ning 泰德宁
Galiloe 伽利略
Greeks 希腊人
Alan Gillbert 艾伦·吉尔伯特
了解即可
人名
maine 缅因州
Silicon valley 硅谷
Atlantic 大西洋
Pacific Ocean 太平洋
地名
artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能
专有名词
固定翻译
代词后指
9月
混淆易忘
真题词汇
名词/名词性代词+引导词
时间名词+when
地点名词+where
reason+why
don't read such books as you can't understand = don't read the books (that) you can't understand
this is the book for which you asked
(as引导的限制性定语从句)span class=\"equation-text\" data-index=\"0\" data-equation=\
介词+which/whom
六大特征
span class=\"equation-text\" data-index=\"0\" data-equation=\
常见引导词
与同位语区分
结构
把定从内容翻译至它所修饰的先行词前,并常用\"的\"进行连接
方法
真题例句
前置
结构复杂,从句套从句,嵌套并列多
从句内容太多,如果前置则会太冗长,翻译不通顺
(2003,62) 【拆分找到考点】Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry //which seeks to study humans and their endeavors font color=\"#388E3C\
后置
翻译顺序
定于从句
(since引导从句) 自从It has been more than two years since we parted last time.
(since单个副词作状语)从那之后She moved to London last May and has since got a job on a newspaper.
when(当…的时候)whenever(每当…)as(当…时,随着)while(在…期间,正当…的时候,在…的同时)since(自从…,从那之后)
主要表现
特殊表现
一般翻译到主句之前
翻译方法
时间状从
because(因为)since(既然,由于),as(因为)now that(既然)
These two areas are similar in that they both have a high rainfall during this season. 这两个地区之所以相似,是因为在这个季节降雨量都很高。
because of,on account ofdue to ,thanks toattribute to,owing tofor the reason...,as a result of
一般需要把原因状语从句翻译到主句之前,构成“前因后果”的顺序;如果原因太长,有时候也可以采用后置“之所以…是因为”。
原因状从
though(虽然),although(虽然),even if(即使),font color=\"#B71C1C\
形式主语翻译方法 1)置于句首,用“…的是,…”的句型。2)先翻译真正的主语部分,用“…,这是…的”的句型。 It is important for me to master translation.对 我 而言 掌握翻译 是 很重要 的
让步状从
I will not go to the party unless I’m invited.如果他们不邀请我,我不会去参加舞会的。if only(但愿,要是...就好了)
if(如果),unless(除非,如果不)
I would do it with pleasure,only l am not too busy.只要我不是太忙,我乐意干这项工作。
翻译到主句前是最佳位置
条件状从
He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear thathe should awake her.为了不惊醒她,他轻轻推开房门,悄悄地溜了出去。
so that(为了,以便),lest(以防),in case(以防,以免),for fear that(以防)in order that(为了)
前用“为了”,后用“以免”
目的状从
“结果是…,如此...以致于...”,直接翻译
结果状从
状语从句
be+V-ed
英语多用被动,汉语多用主动
基本原则
主语不变,省略“被”字
翻译为汉语的判断句,用“是…的”这样的结构翻译
用“我们…,有人….,人们….,大家…”等泛指主语或者增加“这”等词充当主语
被动翻译使用“被、受、遭、让、给、由、把、得到、受到、加以、得以、为...所、由...来”等等
汉语用主动
汉语仍保留被动
例句
被动结构
三大结构
with结构
其他结构
语法结构
The widespread availability of such recordings / has thus brought about a crisis [ in the institution of the traditional classical concert ]
They found that / the pricipal requirement for / what is called \"global cascades\
The IASB says /font color=\"#616161\
1th week
[ The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ] ended on [ a dramatic note font color=\"#7B1FA2\
[ Almost everyone / who has interviewed for this special report ] said that [ the biggest problem at the moment / is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. ]
2th week
The companies that Dr.Curtis font color=\"#7B1FA2\
Many Americans regard the jury system font color=\"#7B1FA2\
18
19
20
3th week
The financial crisis has made it more acceptable / to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.
The way that consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that [ maketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors ] beyond conventinal paid media.
we define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.
4th week
3月
1th week
The phrase \"less is more\
Markets have lost faith that the euro zone's economies,weaker or stronger,will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency,which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.
4月
Priestly explains // how the deep blue color of the assistant's sweater descended over the years // from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which // the poor girl doubtless found her garment.
In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a \
Even the very phrase \"jobseeker's allowance\" is about // redefining the unemployed // as a \"jobseeker\" // who had no fundamental right to a benefit // he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions.
5月
Social psychologists have amassed oceans of research into what // they call the \
This has created \"a paradox\
Their thesis- that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact--was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential // but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students.
The \"mommy wars\
6月
While polls show Britons rate \"the countryside\
\
But we're going to have questions like that // where we have things we're doing // that don't make sense // when the market changes and the world changes.
\"Carry a book with you at all times\
7 月
长难句训练
2002
全文翻译 上
全文翻译 下
生词难句
订正
翻译内容
2003
(61) The Greeksfont color=\"#B71C1C\
(62) We are font color=\"#B71C1C\
(63) The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.
(64) font color=\"#B71C1C\
(65)Whorf came to believe in font color=\"#B71C1C\
2004
(46)Television is one of the means // by which these feelings are created and conveyed ——// and perhaps never before has it served to much to connect different peoples and nations // as in the recent events in Europe
(48) 1 This alone demonstrates /2 that the font color=\"#B71C1C\
(49) 1 Creating a “European identity”// 2 that respects the different cultures and traditions // 3 which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent / 4 is no easy task and demands a strategic choice
(50) 1 In dealing with a challenge font color=\"#B71C1C\
2005
翻译修改我要将那些从以苏格拉底方式思考道德问题的活动选作为他在生活中的首要任务和快乐(乐趣)的人,定义为一个知识分子。
(46)1 I shall define him as an individual // 2 who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life / 3 the activity of thinking / 4 in Socratic(苏格拉底) way / 5 about moral problems
翻译修改1-> 2-> 4 ->3他的作用是类似作为 一个(judge) 评判 法官一个他必须(accept the obligation)接受 揭露 承担font color=\"#D32F2F\
(47) 1 His function is analogous to that of a font color=\"#4CAF50\
翻译修改我之所以已将他排除在外,是因为一方面他的成就可能( contribute to) 来源于 有助于 道德问题的解决,但 是 他没 有因为任何研究的 承担的任务(not any but)而是 只不过是 具体 这些问题的 (factual aspects)具体方面 事实层面 而(been charged)被责备。
翻译修改但是他的首要任务不是去思考那些管理他行为的道德准则,而(not any more than)不仅仅 就如同不能向一个商人期望于将他 全部 精力致力探索在商业的执行规则一样。
(49) 1 But his primary task is font color=\"#D32F2F\
翻译修改他们可 能 以教的很好,并且不仅仅为了他们自身的薪水。但是他们大多数在涉及道德判断的人类问题上少有或者没有自己独立的思考
2006
传统来讲,法律学习在这些(institutions)机构 学校 被视作律视的(special preserve) 特殊培养 特殊权利,而不是一一个受教育的人的(intellectual equipment)知识 组成 储备所必要的部分。
另一方面,它将这些概念与每天的现实内容相 (link to) 连接 联系,通过一种方法,与新闻记者在他们(on a daily basis)每天报道和评论这些新闻一样,连接基于每天的基本日常。
但有某个观点表示,(the idea that) 有观点认为新闻记者必须比一般市民更深入的理解法律(rest on)立足于在(established conventions) 建设的会议 既定规约 和特殊的新媒体责任上的更深入的理解法律。
(48)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law moreprofoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the establishedconventions and special responsibilities of the news media.
实际上,还是很困难的理解 很难明白这些对加拿大宪法的基本特征没有(have a cleargrasp)一个明确要点 清晰理解的新闻记者如何(competent job)胜任政治(stories)内容 新闻上 做出出色 的报道。
虽然来自于律师的评论和反应可能会(enhance stories)增强故事性报道质量,但对于新闻记者而言,(it is preferable for)更倾向于 最好以他们自身的价值观和做出其自己的判断。
(50)While comment and reaction from lawyersmay font color=\"#D32F2F\
2007
生词短语
全文翻译上
全文翻译下
达尔文相信 这种极其 (very)恰好是这样艰巨的困难,可能以使得补偿他一个强制他具有一个(compensating advantage)弥补性的优势,迫使他对每一句话去思考更久和更仔细更专心的(intently)的优点,因此使得他具有在能够在自己观察和推理找出错误的能力
(46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intentlyfont color=\"#B71C1C\
他也同样断言到,他的去跟上(follow 进行)一 个 系列冗长和绝对(存粹 purely)抽象的思考列车(a train of thought 一系列/连串..思考/思路)的能力是非常有限的,这也是他为什么他确定认为自己永远不能在数学上获得成功的原因。
另一方面,他也没有接受 (认为 accept)一些对由一些评论家对他的指责(charge) 是font color=\"#B71C1C\
他谦逊地补充道,他可能比一般人(commom run of men)在注意 事情时 容易 出神 被忽略(escape attention)的 事情时 普遍问题要更好 并且自己在更加仔细关注时的方面,更有优势(superior to 优于)
(49) He adds humbly that perhaps he was \"superior to the common run of men in noticing things which font color=\"#B71C1C\
达尔文确定这些兴趣的缺失,不仅仅是一种幸福的损失,但可能同时是一种对心智 智力(intellectual)的损害,以及更可能对道德人格(character 品质)的伤害。
练习
2008
可能会说任何社会学院 机构(institution)价值的检测方法 衡量标准(the measure of) 是它在扩大和促进 丰富和完善(enlarging and improving experience)个人经历的影响但是这种 影响 作用(effect) 已不再是其原有动机的一部分。
(46) It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in font color=\"#B71C1C\
一般 逐渐地(gradually) 仅提到 才(only)注意到(note)这些学院的负面效果,更一般的 并且 这种作用(was this effect)被认为一种直接的指导性(directive)因素在机构的执行中 的效果 这一过程更为缓慢 (only more gradually still )
虽在我们与年轻人的接触中很容易去忽视我们的行为对他们性情的影响,但在与成年人打交道中,却不那么容易被忽略。
(48) While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their font color=\"#D32F2F\
由于我们的主要任务是是他们具有在 日常生活 共同生活 (common life) 中有分享的能力,我们也不禁去思考,我们是否具有正在形成这样一种能够确保他们达到这种能力的力量
(49) Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.
我们因此正 导致 得以(be led to do) 一种 区分,在那些 广阔 广泛(broad)的教育进程,我们至今为止(so far 一直)所考虑的,一种更加正式的教育形式——直接的家教 讲授(tuition) 或者学校 管理 教育
(50) We are thusfont color=\"#B71C1C\
2009
科学家急忙用一些明显站不住脚的证据取拯救这种鸟,证据大意是说如果这些鸟不能控制虫子,昆虫就会将我们吃光
但是我们至少更接近承认鸟类应该以大约独特的权力而继续存在,无论其是否对我们有经济上好处
过去生物学家总是对证据有点过渡加工,内容是这些生物通过杀死身体虚弱的或者他们只捕猎\"没有价值\"的物种
欧洲有更加的先进生态的森林,非商用的数中被是视为本地森林群落其中一个成员,被同样理性的保护
许多在山地群落中缺乏商业价值的元素倾向于被忽略,并且因此最终被消除,但是他们也是对山地群落健康功能性所必要的部分。
2010
\"因为我们不是机器人,所以我们能够控制我们的思维\",艾伦的贡献便是将我们所共享的这一观点提出,并且揭露其错误的本质
(46) Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts---and reveal its erroneous nature.
我们一方面可以通过单独的意识思维维持控制的幻想,同时在现实中我们正在持续的面对这一个问题:\"为什么我不能使自己做到那样或者完成那种行为\"
这似乎是一种对于那些在需求中被忽视的一个判决,并且且个是一个对那些在顶端拥有至高无上权力者,以及处于底层的卑微者理性化的探索,
事实上,环境似乎设计为将我们最好的一面所展现出来,并且如果我们感觉到我们被错误的理解了,那么我们就不回去开始一种有时是的去逃离我们的环境。
(49) circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.
这个观点是一种可能,包含我们所指的所有事情都由我们自己决定;我们之前所经历的一系列限制,现在我们成为了所有可能的权力。
2011
真题训练笔记
题型文章截取 5 句话
命题原则 不具时效性,来源于专业著作(多)或期刊论文(少)
时间规划总共控制在 25min 以内,平均每句5min
题型/分值
可蒙原意思
准确/大意相同
学会调整语序,熟意引申,可以适当增加额外词语使得连接通顺
通顺/说人话
要有句子完整结构
完整
只要不各种涂抹,就不会扣分
书写
三大法则
词组
多义词
单词
定从、状从、被动、并列
四大结构
主干、词性、主句、从句、结构
分析
句子结构
考点
(2010 年 46 题,25 words)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.
考点/评分标准
是否只做真题就够?
怎么训练?
前期怎么学习?
训练方法
快速扫读
语境
(0646)I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems
成句(句内)
先主后次
分析结构
成段(句间)
改中文
准确/通顺
解题步骤
考研英语翻译
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