考研英语作文
2021-11-30 17:42:34 118 举报
AI智能生成
随着社会的发展,科技的进步,人们的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。如今,智能手机、互联网、人工智能等高科技产品已经深入到我们生活的方方面面,给我们的生活带来了极大的便利。然而,这些科技产品的普及也带来了一系列问题,如沉迷网络、隐私泄露、人际关系疏远等。因此,我们应该正确对待和使用科技产品,让它们为我们的生活服务,而不是成为我们生活的主宰。
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
评分标准
五档<br>
胡说八道/走题<br>
说人话<br>
说漂亮话
说有设计的话
评价目标<br>
语言<br>
语法<br>
词汇拼写
标点
用词恰当
文体格式<br>
正式表达
非正式表达
文章结构<br>
不走题方法<br>
以人为本
三个关系的发展<br>
人自身发展 60%<br>
人与家人、他人、社会的发展 60%<br>
人与自然的发展 30%<br>
命题启示<br>
大作文
次热点为主,最热点为辅<br>
实际上和热点没啥关系<br>
小作文<br>
基本上出以前考过的类型<br>
对策
充分重视历年写作真题<br>
社会热点
两代关系<br>
1992 父母与子女间更好的沟通<br>
2005 养老足球赛<br>
2014 相携<br>
2016 与其只提要求,不如做个榜样<br>
爱心问题<br>
1995 希望工程<br>
2001 爱心是一盏灯<br>
2006 (小)给希望工程捐款<br>
2019 答复信"援助乡村小学"<br>
健康问题<br>
1996 健康<br>
1997 吸烟<br>
2021 某城市居民体育锻炼方式调查<br>
经济问题<br>
2010 手机入网<br>
2011 国内轿车时长部分品牌市场份额<br>
2014 城乡人口变化<br>
2015 中国某市居民春节假期花销比例<br>
2018 消费者选择餐厅时的关注因素<br>
旅游
2005 十一黄金周<br>
2016 大学生旅游目的调查<br>
2017 博物馆数量以及参观人数<br>
环境保护<br>
1991 "住在哪里—城市还是乡村"<br>
1999 美国人口增长导致野生动物减少<br>
2000 世界商务捕鱼简史<br>
2009 (小)限制使用塑料袋<br>
2011 旅程之'余'<br>
教育问题
传统文化
2002 文化—民族与世界<br>
2010 文化'火锅'<br>
流行文化
1993 电视广告<br>
2006 偶像崇拜
2009 网络的近与远<br>
2009 MBA手机短信<br>
2015 手机时代的聚会<br>
2020 手机阅读<br>
教育
2005 工程硕士招生<br>
2008 成人高考<br>
人生哲理(最多)<br>
友谊<br>
温室花朵经不起风雨<br>
终点又是起点
自信<br>
合作
乐观与悲观<br>
选择<br>
有书与读书
选课进行时<br>
途中<br>
习惯
兴趣
关注次热点以及最热门话题(小概率)<br>
扎实提高语言能力,按自己目标分数规划<br>
学习方法<br>
第一步:<b>总结框架</b>,能憋废话
第二部:跟老师网课学习,<b>积累个人素材库</b><br>
第三步:多写,输出是最关键的
写作方法<br>
小作文 10分/15min<br>(信件作文)
信件
称呼 Salutation<br>
Mr. 先生<br>
Dr./Prof (博士/教授)<br>
Ms. 用于女性<br>
Editor 编辑<br>
Dear Sir or Madam, 用于不知性别<br>
To Whom It May Concern<br>(一般仅用于推荐信、证明信、鉴定信)<br>
正文 Body<br>
首段<br>
自我介绍<br>I am a staff member from your company.<br>I am a graduate from the Department of xx<br>
写作目的【改写提纲】<br>I am writing the letter in purpose of placing an order of some books<br>
第二段<br>
改写提纲二<br>
分论点一
分论点二<br>
尾段<br>
表示感谢<br>Words fail me when I want to express my sincere gratitude to you<br>
期待回信<br>I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.<br>
结束语<br>
Yours sincerely<br>
签名 Signature<br>
根据大纲、题目要求写签名<br>一定不要写自己真实姓名<br>
真题解析
2006 (一)请求类<br>
题目
分析<br>
2010 (二)建议类<br>
题目
2011 (一)建议类<br>
题目
2012 (一) 建议类<br>
题目
2012(二)投诉类
题目
分析<br>
2013 (一) 邀请类<br>
题目<br>
2016(一)答复类<br>
题目
告示<br>
标题
Notice 通知、Announcement 通告<br>
Removal、Acknowledgements(鸣谢)、<br>Corrections 更正、Invitation for Bids 招标<br>
Note 、Preface序言 、Pact 公约、Rules<br>
名词+过去分词<br>Child Lost<br>
现在分词+名词<br>Looking for a Spouse<br>
介词结构<br>For an Exchange of Jobs<br>
日期<br>
标题下一行右侧,右端与右边线对其<br>January 4, 2015<br>
正文<br>
时态使用<br>近期即将发生 is doing; to be held; will do<br>
句型<br>
Your attention, please ...<br>
It has been decided that ...<br>
署名<br>
署名中实词部分大写<br>
真题解析
2010 (一)<br>
题目
分析<br>
报告
备忘录
写作格式<br>
齐头式<br>
缩进式【建议】<br>
大作文 20/35min<br> (图画作文) <br>
九宫格<br>
三段法
第一段<br>图画描述<br>
[话题引起]<br>通用类:There is a <font color="#B71C1C">growing</font> national <font color="#B71C1C">awareness</font> of (-)/ <font color="#B71C1C">agreement on</font> ... <br>社会热点类: <font color="#B71C1C">Almost no one</font> in China can <font color="#B71C1C">fail to notice</font> the phenomenon that …<br>哲理类:People often say, " Xxx ." (Xxx 为谚语)<br>
[概述] 第一句话<br>As is <b>symbolically</b>/vivdlly illustrated/<b>demostrated</b> in the <b>portrayal</b>/catoon, ...<br>
[细节补充] 高级句式描述<br>(倒装) 地点 + 动作 + 人物/角色,doing and doing, with + 环境细节<br>[两幅图]<br>通用:Meanwhile;相同:Similarly;相反:On the contrary
[额外:文字描述]<br>[会翻译文字内容] 方位,there is a caption/subtitle, which says/shows: " ."<br>[不会翻译文字] 方位,we are informed by the caption that ...<br>
第二段<br>
举例调查 (+)<br>
在我所听到的,看到的,经历过的所有与这个话题相关的例子中,最令人印象深刻的是…<br>Among all the touching facts relating to this topic that I have heard, noticed, <br>experienced, the most impressive one is …(例子名字).
某人, 因在…方面的成功而著名,经常被人们记住她的…, 这在其一生都散发着光辉。<br>______________( 人 名 ) , honored for his/ her success in _____________, is always <br>remembered for his/ her ____________, which shines through every chapter/page of <br>his/her life.
根据最近一个权威机构的调查表明, ... <br>According to one latest survey conducted by a certain national authority, ... <br>almost …% of the people might hold the same view. <br>almost …% of the people might hold the same view that ...<br>almost …% of the people might do similarly in the same situation.<br>almost …% of the people might do sth..
要不是某事或某种精神,某些人又怎么可能实现最终的目标呢?<br>Without something / this spirit, how could it be possible for somebody to <br>achieve the ultimate goal?
原因后果 (-)<br>
③ 考虑到这个问题的重要性(或严重性),有必要指出其背后的原因。<br>Considering the significance(+) /<font color="#B71C1C">seriousness (-) <font color="#616161">/ </font>popularity</font> of the present situation, <br>we ought to point out the causes behind it.<br>(社会事件类) 在图画背后或者隐藏于 "具体内容" 显而易见:xxx<br>What lies behind the picture, or "buried" in the xxx , is clear:<br>
① To begin with, ... might exert great influence on it. <br>② Firstly, ... might cause the problem. Secondly,... . The last but not least , .. <br>③ Primarily, the reason for (主题) is that(原因)
```<br>【万能理由】Ø 关于… 法律法规的执行可能… <br>Enforcement of laws and regulations about …(主题词) might be … <br>【适用】正面话题:effective and efficient <br>有效和高效的负面话题:ineffective and inefficient <br>无效和低效的 <br>【词汇】执行:法律法规:<br>Ø 社会缺少关注导致…A lack of attention (paid to …) leads to …<br>【词汇】缺少:导致:<br>Ø 个人没有…的意识导致… A lack of the consciousness of … results in …<br>【词汇】<br>意识:Ø 媒体:广告宣传负面:The mass media might inappropriately <br>or irrationally advertise/exaggerate this issue. <br>正面:The mass media might appropriately and widely advertise sth. <br>and lead/encourage sb. to do sth.<br>```<br>
③ 如果我们继续视而不见的话,上述问题会产生一系列后果。<br>The problem mentioned above <font color="#B71C1C">is bound to</font> generate severe <br>consequences, if we keep turning a blind eye to it.
中立观点 <br>
事实上,这幅有着双重意义的漫画提出了一个有争议的问题:这种现象是福还是祸?仁<br>者见仁智者见智。<br>In fact, this comic with a dual meaning asks us a controversial question: is this <br>phenomenon a blessing or a curse? Views might vary from person to person. <br>
这一现象大家一直有<font color="#B71C1C">争论</font>。诚然,一部人可能认为…. 然而,其他的人都不同<br>意这一观点。他们得理由是:第一, … 。 第二, … 。 比如说…<br>this issue(whether …or not ) has long been <font color="#B71C1C">a matter of debate</font>. <br><font color="#B71C1C">Admittedly</font>, a minority of people may hold the view that … to some extent. <br>Yet, a majority of people hold the other side of this picture. <br>For one thing, … . For another, … . For instance, …
<font color="#B71C1C">如果没有这个事情的话,我们可能无法感受到生活的幸福</font>。// 然而,<font color="#0D47A1">如果这个事情消极<br>的影响继续发生的话,我们可能要付出昂贵的代价</font>。<br>Were there no such thing, never could we feel the happiness of life. Yet, were <br>the opposite facet of this situation to continue, we would pay a high price.
个人语料库<br>
名词库
环境保护类<br>
环境保护<br>
提高 环保意识<br><b>enhance</b> environmental awareness<br>
保持生态平衡<br>keep ecological balance<br>
生态系统<br>ecosystem<br>
自然保护区<br>nature reserve<br>
可持续发展战略<br>sustainable development strategy<br>
宜人的居住环境<br>pleasant living environment<br>
节能减排<br>
节能<br>save energy<br>
减<b>排</b><br>reduce<b> the emission of </b>greehourse gases<br>
降低<b>资源消耗</b>率<br>slow down the rate of <b>resource degradation</b><br>
环保产品<br>environment-friendly products<br>
全球变暖<br>global warming<br>
低碳经济<br>low carbon economy<br>
清洁可再生能源<br>clean renewable energy<br>
核能<br>nuclear energy<br>
太阳能<br>solar energy<br>
大功率<b>电气</b><br>high-power electrical<b> appliance</b><br>
二氧化碳<br>carbon dioxide<br>
气候变化<br>climate change<br>
环境恶化
环境恶化<br>environmental <b>deterioration</b><br>
乱砍滥伐<br>deforestation<br>
<b>过度开发<br>overexploitation</b><br>
水土<b>流失</b><br>water and soil <b>erosion</b><br>
沙漠化<br>desertification<br>
人口增长<br>population growth<br>
野生动物保护<br>wildlife protection<br>
濒危<b>物种</b><br>endangered <b>species</b><br>
野生物种<br>wild species<br>
商业捕鱼<br>commercial fishing<br>
过度捕捞<br>overfishing<br>
过度开发<br>reckless exploitation<br>
环境污染
白色污染<br>white pollution<br>
限制使用<b>一次性</b>塑料袋<br>limit the use <b>disposable</b> plastic bags<br>
可降解一次性塑料袋<br>throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags<br>
一次性筷子<br>disposabel chopsticks<br>
乱扔垃圾<br>litter<br>
垃圾分类<br>garbage classification<br>
丢弃<br>discard<br>
垃圾<br>trash, garbage<br>
工业废弃物<br>industrial waste<br>
综合利用<br>multipurpose use<br>
污水处理<br>sewage treatment<br>
水资源<b>保护区</b><br>water resource <b>conservation zone</b>
自然灾害<br>
自然灾害<br>natural disasters<br>
大灾难<br>catastrophe<br>
沙尘暴<br>sandstorm<br>
沙丘<br>sand dune<br>
旱灾<br>drought<br>
水灾<br>flood<br>
雪灾<br>snowstorm<br>
空气污染
空气污染浓度<br>air pollution concentration<br>
汽车尾气排放<br>motor vehicle exhaust<br>
尾气净化器<br>exhaust purifier<br>
无铅汽油<br>lead-free gasoline<br>
燃气车<br>gas-fueled vehicles<br>
电动汽车<br>cell-driven vehicles<br>
samll-engine vehicles<br>
工业粉尘排放<br>industrial dust discharge<br>
烟尘排放<br>soot emissions<br>
化石燃料<br>fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas)<br>
教育文化类
学位<br>
学士<br>bachelor's degree<br>
硕士<br>master's degree<br>
文学硕士<br>Master of Arts<br>
理学硕士<br>Master of Science<br>
工商管理硕士 MBA<br>Master of Business Administration<br>
工程硕士 ME<br>Master of Engineering<br>
博士<br>doctor's degree<br>
获得学位<br>acquire degree<br>
文科<br>arts<br>
理科<br>science<br>
学校
幼儿园<br>kindergarten<br>
小学<br>primary school<br>
中学<br>middle school<br>
综合性大学<br>university<br>
学院<br>college<br>
系<br>department<br>
专业<br>major<br>
大学毕业生<br>university graduates<br>
商学院<br>business school<br>
研究生院<br>graduate school<br>
全体教师<br>faculty<br>
教授<br>professor<br>
食堂<br>dining hall<br>
宿舍<br>dormitory<br>
教学设施<br>teaching facilities<br>
选修课<br>optional course<br>
必修课<br>compulsory course
学杂费<br>tuition fees and other expenses<br>
教育<br>
教育类别<br>
终身教育<br>life-long education<br>
素质教育<br>education for all-round development<br>
义务教育<br>compulsory education<br>
应式教育<br>exam-oriented education<br>
成人教育<br>adult education<br>
学生相关
逃课<br>skip classes<br>
学习氛围<br>academic atmosphere<br>
开阔眼界<br>broaden one's horizon<br>
激发兴趣<br>stimulate one's interest<br>
开发潜能<br>tap one's potential<br>
减负<br>reduce study load<br>
知识信息<br>
知识爆炸<br>era of knowledge explosion<br>
理论知识<br>theoretical knowledge<br>
实践技能<br>practical skills<br>
信息时代<br>information era<br>
招生就业
招生<br>recruitment<br>
录取<br>enrollment<br>
申请入学<br>apply for admission to/into<br>
高考<br>College Entrance Examination<br>
就业市场<br>job market<br>
雇主<br>employer<br>
雇员<br>employee<br>
职业培训<br>vocational training<br>
文化<br>
传统<br>
文化交流<br>cultural exchanges<br>
文化融合<br>cultural blending/intergration<br>
传统中国文化<br>traditional Chinese culture<br>
儒家<br>Confucianism<br>
佛家<br>Buddhism<br>
道家<br>Daoism<br>
京剧<br>Peking Opera<br>
中国书法<br>Chinese calligraphy<br>
西方文化<br>western cultures<br>
启蒙运动<br>Enlightenment<br>
人本主义<br>humanism<br>
后现代主义<br>post-modernism<br>
多元文化<br>multi-cultures<br>
文化多元化<br>cultural diversity<br>
保存珍惜<br>preserve and cherish<br>
取其精华,去其糟粕<br>absorb its essence and resist its dark side<br>
积极促进文化发展<br>promote cultural development positively<br>
辉煌灿烂文化遗产<br>splendid and glorious cultural heritage<br>
与时俱进<br>keep pace with times<br>
跨文化交流<br>cross-cultural communication<br>
文化差异<br>cultural differences<br>
精神文明<br>spiritual civilization<br>
流行<br>
流行文化<br>popular culture<br>
电视广告泛滥<br>the pervasive advertisements on TV<br>
偶像崇拜<br>idol worship<br>
上网成瘾<br>web addiction<br>
虚拟生活<br>virtual life<br>
网络谣言<br>online gossip<br>
网络监管<br>the Internet supervision<br>
网络暴力<br>the Internet violence<br>
不负责言论<br>irresponsible remarks<br>
数码产品<br>digital products<br>
垃圾短信<br>junk message<br>
人生哲理<br>
独立<br>
自立<br>self-dependence<br>
溺爱<br>spoil<br>
独生子女<br>only child<br>
激烈竞争<br>fierce competition<br>
啃老族<br>NEET<br>
不劳而获<br>reap without sowing<br>
坚持<br>
不断努力<br>make constant efforts<br>
决不放弃<br>never give up<br>
绝不停止进步<br>never stop making progress<br>
勤奋<br>diligence<br>
人生观<br>outlook of life<br>
世界观<br>world outlook<br>
谨慎<br>prudence<br>
信心<br>
自信<br>self-confidence<br>
谦虚<br>modesty<br>
缺乏自信<br>lack of confidence<br>
高估困难<br>exaggerate diffculties<br>
低估能力<br>underestimate one's abilities<br>
合作<br>
团队合作<br>teamwork<br>
团队精神<br>team spirit<br>
与他人合作<br>cooperate with others<br>
态度<br>
保持乐观<br>keep optimistic<br>
悲观<br>pessimism<br>
悲观的<br>be pessimistic<br>
积极态度<br>positive attitude<br>
仁慈<br>benevolence<br>
方位词
<br>
序数词<br>
基变序,有规律,后面th加上去
four → fourth<br>six → sixth
一二三,特殊记,后面字母st, nd, rd
八去t,九去e。整数中的y要变成ie
eight → eighth<br>nine → ninth<br>twenty → twentieth
f 来把ve替
five→ fifth<br>twelve→ twelfth
若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以
twenty-one → twenty-first
序数词前要加the 我们一定要牢记
短语库
not only A but also B<br>
in addtion to A, xx (do) B<br>
图画作文写作技巧
流程<br>
审题 2-3min<br>
<b>题目要求</b><br>如果有 "entitled XXX" 明确题目要求<br>则照抄即可,不要画蛇添足<br>
<b>段落结构 </b>【根据题目要求/否则使用九宫格】<br>a. describe the picture<br>b. interpret the meaning<br>c. give your comments<br>
特殊要求/陷阱<br>- <b>论证方式</b><br>examples 【举例论证】/ reasons 【理由论证】<br>- <b>论据数量</b><br>give a specific example<br>
读图<br>
<b>文字说明</b><br>图画描述公式:<br>地点(介词)+ 动作(谓)+核心事物(主),<br>doing sth. and doing sth. , with + 细节 (环境部件1)<br>
例如:【倒装描述】<br>In front of the computer desk sits a college students,<br> choosing courses, with a computer on the desk <br>
图中的文字可以不用翻译,但必须写出主题词内容<br>
草稿<br>
<b>主题判断</b><br>a) 正面<br>b) 中立;例:高科技(双面性)<br>c) 负面;例:(2007) 缺乏自信;(2015) 过渡依赖手机<br>
<b>主题词和主题句</b><br>a) 主题词表达; 词性,改编<br>A 的 意义, the meaning of A<br>A 和 B的关系, the relationship between A and B<br>
<b>内容</b><br>三段式+九宫格<br>
<b>亮点</b><br>特殊句式<br>
写作
<b>时态</b><br>时态:一般现在时<br>注意:三单和特殊情况<br>过去式:已故或者过去说的话<br>将来时:憧憬未来的句子<br>
检查
注意位置 1/4/7【九宫格位置】<br>常见错误:三单,名词复数,单词拼写<br>
复杂句式(高分作文)<br>
倒装句<br>
图画描述
<b><i>1 </i></b>a girl <i><b>2</b></i> stands <i><b>3</b></i> in the sunshine<br>倒装:状语 3 + 谓语 2+ 主语 1<br>In the sunshine stands a girl<br>
憧憬未来<br>
只有这些措施才能<br>Only <font color="#B71C1C">with </font>these measures taken<font color="#B71C1C"> can </font>we do sth.
意义强调句<br>
如果没有 sth. , 则无法做某事 (+)<br>were there no such thing, never could we do sth. 【双倒装】<br>例句:如果没有爱,我们无法体会幸福<br>were there no love, never could we taste happiness <br>
然而,如果其负面(-)继续恶化,我们需要付出沉重代价<br>yet, were the opposite facet of this situation to continue, <br>we would pay a heavy price.<br>
两种语序<br>
自然语序
倒装语序
部分倒装
1.表示强调<br>倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:<br>1.only +状语或状语从句置于句首,被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。<br>例子:<br>Only in this way can you solve this problem.<br>只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。<br>Only after he had spoken out the word <font color="#B71C1C">did he</font> <font color="#388E3C">realize</font> he had made a big mistake.<br>只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。<br>
2. hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom,never,no more,no longer,not,not only,<br>no sooner,not only … (but also),not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。<br>例子:<br>No sooner <font color="#B71C1C">had I </font>got home than it began to rain.<br>我刚到家就下起了雨。<br>Seldom <font color="#B71C1C">do I </font>go to work by bus.<br>我很少乘公共汽车上班。<br>Not until twelve o'clock<font color="#B71C1C"> did she</font> go to bed last night .<br>她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。
3. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。<br>例子:<br>So unreasonable<font color="#B71C1C"> was his </font>price that everybody startled.<br>他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。<br>To such length <font color="#B71C1C">did she</font> go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.<br>她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。<br>以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果
完全倒装
<br>①谓语+主语+……<br>There be(的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语)<br>例子:<br>There was a drop in the temperature.温度下降了<br>There are birds singing in the tree.鸟儿在树上唱歌。<br>②副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+……<br>例子:<br>Out rushed a young lady.<br>一位年轻女士冲了出去。<br>③过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+……<br>例子:<br>Scattered on the floor were several books and magazines.几本书和杂志散落在地板上<br>
4.here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。<br>条件是谓语动词是不及物动词,如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。<br>需要注意的是,当主语是代词时,不能构成倒装。(方位词在句首,主语是名词,全部倒装)<br>例子:<br>Here comes our headmaster。我们的校长来了。<br>Here it is. 在这里。<br>Here is your key.这是你的钥匙
虚拟语气<br>
归纳总结句(-) 情况如此危机,是时候采取解决...的问题了<br>The situation <b>being</b> so serious , it is high time that<br>we took effective and efficient measures to solve the problem of ...<br>
when+时状<br>
主语一致性原则:<br>前后主语一致时,省略 when 之后的主语<br>
比较级与否定式<br>
九宫格<br>
(一) 话题引起<br>
1. 越来越多的人意识到... <br>There is a <font color="#B71C1C">growing</font> national <font color="#B71C1C">awareness</font> of ... <br>【演练】2020. 越来越多的人意识到了<font color="#B71C1C">好习惯</font>的重要性。
2. 中国正在面临非常严重的….问题。<br>In no country other than China, <font color="#B71C1C">it has been said</font>, is the problem of … more<br>serious/ delightful. (主题词)<br>【演练】2015. 据说,大城市的年轻人“手机依赖症”问题最严重
3. 过去的数年见证了一个社会现象:…. <br>The past several years have <font color="#B71C1C">witnessed</font> a social <font color="#B71C1C">phenomenon</font> that … <br>【演练】2013. 过去的数年见证了一个社会现象:越来越多的毕业生涌入就业市场
4. 近来,... 常常登上报纸头条,这引发公众激烈讨论。<br>Recently, it often <font color="#B71C1C">hits the headlines of </font>newspapers that an<font color="#B71C1C"> increasing/decreasing number of </font><br>people are doing sth., which has <font color="#B71C1C">aroused</font> a heated discussion among the public. <br>【演练】2011. 近来,越来越多的游客在景点乱扔垃圾破坏环境,这种现象的报道常常出现<br>在报纸的头版头条上,引发公众激烈的讨论
5. 在中国几乎无人不知无人不晓这一现象:... 【双否】<br><font color="#B71C1C">Almost no one</font> in China can <font color="#B71C1C">fail to notice</font> the phenomenon that …<br>
6. 近来,在公众中有一个关于......的热门话题。<br>These days, there is a hot topic among the general public concerning
(二)图画描述<br>= 如图所示 ,基本公式<br>
<b>如图所示</b><br>As is (vividly) shown in the (ridiculous) cartoon, <br>It is shown in the picture that … <br>
<b>基本公式</b><br>地点+动作+核心事物,doing sth. + <br>
with +次要事物(n.)<br>with + n. +介词结构(表位置)<br>with + n. + doing (表主动)<br>with +n. + V-ed (表被动
<b>两幅图</b><br><b>公式:</b>图一描述。关联词,图二描述。<br>
两图关系:<br>通用:meanwhile, 30 years later/ago , <br>相同:Similarly, likewise, furthermore, moreover, what’s more, even <br>worse, more importantly,<br>相反:but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, ironically, <br>regrettably, unfortunately, <br>
【演练】2017 年:<br>如图所示,在书架前坐着一个慵懒的年轻人,炫耀自己大量的藏书。然而,在书桌前坐着另<br>一个男人,设定了一年的目标并且立即行动
图中<b>文字说明</b><br>
直译:文字说明显示,… . The caption reads, “…”.<br>意译:我们了解到… We are <b>informed</b> that … <br> 文字说明揭示了… <b>The caption</b> indicates : … <br>题目:(副)标题揭示了 … The <b>title/subtitle</b> indicates, …
(三)图画总结<br>
1. 尽管图画简单,但其寓意深刻。<br>Simple as the picture is , the symbolic meaning is as deep as the ocean. <br>
2. 这个暗示不仅信息丰富,而且具有教育意义。<br>The implication is not only informative, but instructive as well. <br>
3. 这幅画所描述的似乎有一些夸张,这已经引起了社会的广泛关注<br>What is depicted in the picture seems exaggerated, which has attracted <br>extensive attention of the society. <br>
4. 但是,这真是作者想要告诉我们的吗?当然不是了。<br>But is this what the author tries to tell us? Certainly not.
(四)具体意义<br>
1. 毫无疑问,这位画家的目的是要告诉我们应该充分重视… <br>Undoubtedly, the purpose of the drawing is to show us that due<font color="#B71C1C"> attention </font>has <br>to <font color="#B71C1C">be paid to </font>… (主题名词或词组)
2. 显然,这个图画象征性地揭示了日常生活一个现象:…<br>Apparently, the drawing symbolically reveals a social phenomenon in our daily <br>life<br>
这幅图画阐释了…(主题词)的真正含义,通过强调事实:… (主题词)是一种情感力<br>量,这能够支撑我们,无论周围世界如何艰难。<br>This picture illustrates the true meaning of …(主题词), by stressing the fact <br>that …(主题词) is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how hard <br>the world around us becomes. <br>
4. 画家想告诉我们什么呢?事实上,作者想告诉我们一个非常明显的事…(主题词) 对一个<br>人的成功而言极其有害。<br>What can we deduce from this picture? Actually, the author strives to send out<br>an abundantly clear message that … is of <font color="#B71C1C">extreme detriment </font>to one’s success. <br>
5. 不言而喻, 图画的象征含义是......, 这已经超越了图画本身,<br>It goes without saying that its symbolic message that ... has gone beyond the picture <br>itself.<br>
(五)意义论证<br>
第一种:举例调查<br>= 引出例子 + 例子本身 <br>+ 例子总结 + 科学调查<br>
1. 引出例子:<br>
除了下面这个,我找不到更好的例子来证明了。<br>I can think of no better examples than the following one(s).
<div class="mind-clipboard">我们人类历史上与这个话题相关的例子有很多,而下面这个是最有说服力的。<br>Our human history has been<font color="#B71C1C"> filled with </font>a wide variety of examples of this topic, <br>with the following one being the foremost. </div>
在我所听到的,看到的,经历过的所有与这个话题相关的例子中,最令人印象深刻的是…<br>Among all the touching facts relating to this topic that I have heard, noticed, <br>experienced, the most impressive one is …(例子名字).
<div class="mind-clipboard">大量的例证可以证明,而下面这个足够了。<br>Numerous illustrations can be given, but this will suffice.</div>
2. 例子本身:<br>
某人, 因在…方面的成功而著名,经常被人们记住她的…, 这在其一生都散发着光辉。<br>______________( 人 名 ) , honored for his/ her success in _____________, is always <br>remembered for his/ her ____________, which shines through every chapter/page of <br>his/her life.
某人,一个......, 就是最好的例证。他在过去做了..., 这展示了他的... 的能力。<br>....(人名), a ..., is a perfect example. He did ... in the past, which shows his ...(能力<br>和特长
3.例子总结:<br>【可忽略】<br>
…的例子告诉我们一个故事:… <br>The case of sth. teaches us that …<br>The experience of sb. teaches us that …<br>
这只是我遇到过的所有案例中的一个, 类似的故事每天都在上演。<br>It is one of many examples I have heard (read / encountered) . Similar stories <br>happen every day.
4. 科学调查:<br>
根据最近一个权威机构的调查表明, ... <br>According to one latest survey conducted by a certain national authority, ... <br>almost …% of the people might hold the same view. <br>almost …% of the people might hold the same view that ...<br>almost …% of the people might do similarly in the same situation.<br>almost …% of the people might do sth..
最近一项调查可以支持我的观点。这项由......进行的调查,在调查了......(某人)之后,<br>发现大部分受访者宣称...... 。<br>A recent survey can back up my point. The survey conducted by ... after polling ... <br>has found that a significant percentage of respondents claimed that ... (调查结论)
第二种:原因后果<br>= 引出原因+具体原因<br>+引出结果+具体结果<br>
引出原因<br>
① 除了以下几点,我找不到更好的理由了。第一,… 。 第二, … 。<br>I can think of no better reasons than the following ones. Firstly, … , Secondly, … . <br>
② 到底是什么产生了这个问题?这是个发人深思的问题。第一,…。 第二, ...。<br>What exactly account for <font color="#B71C1C">(主题词)</font>? It is a thought-provoking <br>question. To begin with, … . In addition, … .
③ 考虑到这个问题的重要性(或严重性),有必要指出其背后的原因。<br>Considering the significance(+) /<font color="#B71C1C">seriousness (-) <font color="#616161">/ </font>popularity</font> of the present situation, <br>we ought to point out the causes behind it.
④ 你可能会思考,为什么这个现象会发生呢?<br>Why, you may wonder, does this phenomenon emerge ?
具体原因<br>
① To begin with, ... might exert great influence on it. <br>② Firstly, ... might cause the problem. Secondly,... . The last but not least , .. <br>③ Primarily, the reason for (主题) is that(原因)
引出结果
① 因此, <br>So…<br>As a result / consequence, … <br>Consequently, …
② 似乎不止一个直接或间接的影响与… (主题词) 相关,这些我们无法忽视。 第一,… . <br>第二, … . <br>There seem to be more than one direct or indirect effects involved in … , which <br>none of us can fail to notice. Firstly, … . Secondly, …
③ 如果我们继续视而不见的话,上述问题会产生一系列后果。<br>The problem mentioned above <font color="#B71C1C">is bound to</font> generate severe <br>consequences, if we keep turning a blind eye to it.
具体结果<br>
方法一:重复问题或加重问题<br>方法二:举例 For instance, For example, such as …
① For example, ...<br>② As a result, an increasing number of people have come to realize the fact <br>mentioned above. <br>③ The problem/situation/case mentioned above has come into being, which might <br>become worse/better in the future.
第三种:对立观点分析<br>引出争议 + <br>正方观点+理由和例子 <br>反方观点+理由和例子<br>
引出争议
① 当谈及..., 仁者见仁智者见智。<br>When it comes to ..., views vary from person to person. <br>② 历史上,人们对于....... 的现象从未像今天这样讨论得这么激烈。<br>Never before in history has the phenomenon of ... been talked so much as nowadays. <br>③ 事实上,这幅有着双重意义的漫画提出了一个有争议的问题:这种现象是福还是祸?仁<br>者见仁智者见智。<br>In fact, this comic with a dual meaning asks us a controversial question: is this <br>phenomenon a blessing or a curse? Views might vary from person to person. <br>④ 关于是否..... 的问题,每个人观点不同。<br>Concerning the issue of whether ... , people’s views vary from person to person
正方观点理由
For one thing, some people might hold the view that ... <br>What’s more, they also claim that ...<br>For example, ...
反方观点理由
For another, the rest might hold the other side of this picture. ( hold the opposite <br>view. ) <br>Furthermore, they also argue that ...<br>For instance, ...
事实上,这一现象大家一直有<font color="#B71C1C">争论</font>。诚然,一部人可能认为…. 然而,其他的人都不同<br>意这一观点。他们得理由是:第一, … 。 第二, … 。 比如说…<br>In fact, this issue(whether …or not ) has long been <font color="#B71C1C">a matter of debate</font>. <br><font color="#B71C1C">Admittedly</font>, a minority of people may hold the view that … to some extent. <br>Yet, a majority of people hold the other side of this picture. <br>For one thing, … . For another, … . For instance, …
(六)意义总结
子非鱼,安知鱼之乐?<br>How can you, not being a fish yourself, know the happiness of a fish
<font color="#B71C1C">如果没有这个事情的话,我们可能无法感受到生活的幸福</font>。// 然而,<font color="#0D47A1">如果这个事情消极<br>的影响继续发生的话,我们可能要付出昂贵的代价</font>。<br>Were there no such thing, never could we feel the happiness of life. Yet, were <br>the opposite facet of this situation to continue, we would pay a high price.
要不是某事或某种精神,某些人又怎么可能实现最终的目标呢?<br>Without something / this spirit, how could it be possible for somebody to <br>achieve the ultimate goal?
(七)归纳总结
1. 考虑到这个(正面 / 负面)话题的方方面面,我们应该牢记: …。(主题句)<br>Considering every aspect of this positive / negative phenomenon, we should <br>bear in mind that …
2. 情况如此危急,解决这个问题刻不容缓。
The situation being so serious, it is high time that we took measures to solve
the problem.
3. 就…而言,如果不小心或者没有节制,… (主题词) 可能会成为一把双刃剑。
In terms of …, if used carelessly or without restraint, … could prove to be a
double-edged sword.
4. 为了…, 在我看来,需要所有的努力。<br>To …, in my eyes, it calls for the efforts from all sides
(八)建议措施
1. 统一做法:扬长避短<br>① 因此,我们应该取其精华,去其糟粕。<br>Therefore, we should take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet. <br>② 因此,正如常言道,我们应该吸取精华,忽略缺点。<br>We should, therefore, as the common saying goes, “ absorb the essence and <br>neglect the drawbacks”.
2. 不同主体不同做法: 固定主体 + to do something <br>【适用】正面话题、中立话题、负面话题<br>
Ø 媒体宣传<br>① The mass media, such as radio, television and the internet, should make <br>every effort to propagate and advocate i
Ø 政府立法<br>① 制定法律:It is essential that laws and regulations should be worked <br>out and enforced to do sth.. <br>② 教育公民:The government has the responsibility to <br>educate/encourage every citizen to do sth.
公民意识<br>① 社会公众提高…的意识。<br>The public should enhance the consciousness of … <br>② 我们应该采取实际行动做某事。<br>We ourselves ought to take practical actions to do sth.. <br> ③ ... 的培养有赖于社会每个成员的积极参与。<br> The cultivation of ... depends on the active participation of every citizen of <br>our society.
(九)憧憬未来
1. 如果所有措施付诸实现,前途一片光明。<br>If all the solutions are turned into reality, the prospect will become more <br>desirable.
2. 通过等待和希望,我们一定可以实现最终目标。<br>Through/ By waiting and hoping, we will be able to achieve our ultimate goal.
3. 伴随着恰当的法律和警觉的民众,问题迟早会被解决。<br>With appropriate laws and alert public, it will only be a matter of time before <br>the problem becomes a thing of the past.
4. 倒装句: Only with these measures taken can we do something. <br>Only in this way can we do something.<br>Ø Aexpect a more harmonious society<br>Ø make dreams come true <br>Ø make life more meaningful/colorful<br>
(十)补充:名言警句<br>【位置:1/7 替换;9后 】<br>
Ø 谚语警句引出:<br>1. 众所周知,… <br>It is (a truth ) universally acknowledged that ...<br>2. 毫不否认这一事实: …<br>There is no denying the fact that ...<br>3. “…”是老生常谈,但是我严重同意它。<br>“....” is an old cliché, but I agree with it. <br>4. 人们常常说,“...” 讽刺地是,说的容易做的难。<br>People often say “...”. Ironically, it is easier said than done. <br>5. 改编一句名言,”…” <br>To twist a common saying, “...” <br>6. 正如孔子说过,”…” <br>Just as Confucius put it, “ …”<br>7. 正如一句古老的阿拉伯谚语所言,”…” <br>Just as an old Arab proverb says, “...”
1、教育学习<br>Confucius said: learning without thinking leads one to perplexity ; thinking without <br>learning puts one in calamity .<br>Genius without education is like silver in the mine. ( Benjamin Franklin )<br>Knowledge is power .<br>2、工作生活<br>A man can succeed at almost anything for which he has unlimited enthusiasm. <br>Don’t gild the lily. (William Shakespeare , British dramatist .)<br>3、科技经济<br>Experience is the mother of science . <br>Science and technology constitute the primary productive force .<br>4、社会环境<br>Actions speak louder than words .<br>Don’t judge one book from the cover.<br>When in Rome , do as the Romans do .<br>5、道德爱情<br>A good fame is better than a good face<br>Friendship is love without his wings .(George Gordon Byron , British poet )<br>6、理想现实<br>Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.<br>God helps those who help themselves .<br>If winter comes, can spring be far behind ? (P.B.Shelley, British poet)<br>7、人生逆境<br>Cease to struggle and you cease to live .<br>No cross , no crown .<br>It is wise to learn at another man’s cost .<br>8、娱乐休闲<br>Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body .<br>Good health is over wealth .<br>Health is happiness
三段法
引言<br>
总体描述<br>
第一段主题句。<br>角色 + 动作 + 环境【什么人,在哪里,做了什么事情?】<br>角色 + 服装 + 表情 【肖像类的图画】<br>
<b>【引言】正如图画中所描绘的那样 ... (固定第一句)<br>1.As is symbolically illustrated in the portrayal</b>, there is 【要指出象征内容】<br>2.As is subtly portrayed in the cartoon, <br>3.<b>As is (vividly) shown in the (ridiculous/) cartoon </b>【通用】<br>4.In the pictures/cartoons above are <br>
挖掘细节词,连接成句<br>
<b>分类</b><br>can be catogorized as
文字说明【首段句末】<br>
<b>图中的文字说明显示</b><br>1. We are informed that "..."<br>2. And below the drawing, there is a caption which says: "..."<br>3. The caption indicates, "..."<br>
主体
主题句<br>
(人生哲理类) 这些漫画的目的是为了告诉我们 xxx 是最重要的<br>The aim/purpose of the picture is to illustrate/show us that utmost significance should be attanched to xxx<br>(社会事件类) 在图画背后或者隐藏于 "具体内容" 显而易见:xxx<br>What lies behind the picture, or "buried" in the hot pot, is clear:<br>
论证 (论点+论据)
五大角度
背景 (政治、经济、文化、社会)<br>
社会现象<br>
不可否认的是, xxx 比比皆是<br>There is no denying the fact that ...<br>
正反观点<br>
原因<br>
一方面,另一方面<br>For one reason, xxx. For another, xxx<br>
结果<br>
最终可能会面对或者导致 xxx<br>could be faced with xxx, or end up xxx<br>
六种手段<br>
因果论证<br>
分类论证<br>
首先:To begin with, xxx.<br>例如:As an illustration / For instance <br>齐次:What is more<br>换言之: In other words<br>
定义解释<br>
统计和事实<br>
举例论证
比较与对比<br>
一方面:On the one hand<br>因此: Consequently<br>然而:Nevertheless<br>另一方面: On the other hand<br>-----<br>相反:On the contrary<br>
小结
This would be unfortunate because ...<br>
总结<br>
真题写作练习
2008 合作 (pos)<br>
词汇积累<br>
王江涛范文<br>
潘赟带练<br>
练习<br>
2009 网络的远与近 (neu)<br>
潘赟带练
王江涛范文
练习<br>
2010 "文化"火锅 (pos)<br>
词汇积累<br>
王江涛范文
潘赟带练
练习<br>
2011 旅程之余 (neg)<br>
潘赟带练<br>
练习<br>
2012 乐观悲观 (pos)<br>
词汇积累
王江涛范文
潘赟带练
练习<br>
总结<br>
2014 相携 (pos)<br>
词汇积累<br>
王江涛范文
潘赟带练
练习<br>
总结<br>
2015 手机时代的聚会 (neg)<br>
词汇积累<br>
王江涛范文<br>
潘赟带练<br>
练习<br>
2019 毅力与坚持不懈 (pos)<br>
潘赟带练<br>
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