网络元件的电压降落
<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="d\dot{U_2}=\frac{P_{s2}R+Q_{s2}X}{U_2}+j\frac{P_{s2}X-Q_{s2}R}{U_2}"><span></span><span></span></span>
纵分量<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\Delta\dot{U_2}=\frac{P_{s2}R+Q_{s2}X}{U_2}"><span></span><span></span></span>
横分量<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\delta\dot{U_2}=\frac{P_{s2}X-Q_{s2}R}{U_2}"><span></span><span></span></span>
相角差<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\delta_1=tan^{-1}\frac{\delta{U_2}}{U_2+\Delta{U_2}}"><span></span><span></span></span>
电压损耗<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="U_1-U_2"><span></span><span></span></span>
<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="d\dot{U_2}=\frac{Q_{s2}X}{U_2}+j\frac{P_{s2}X}{U_2}"><span></span><span></span></span>
幅值差<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\Delta{U_2}=\frac{Q_{s2}X}{U_2}"><span></span><span></span></span>
相角差<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\delta{U_2}=\frac{P_{s2}X}{U_2}"><span></span><span></span></span>
网络元件的功率损耗
<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\Delta{P_2}=I^2R=\frac{P_{s2}^2+Q_{s2}^2}{U_2^2}R"><span></span><span></span></span>
<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\Delta{Q_2}=I^2X=\frac{P_{s2}^2+Q_{s2}^2}{U_2^2}X"><span></span><span></span></span>
<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\Delta{S_{p1}}=-jU_1^2\frac{B}{2}"><span></span><span></span></span>
<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\Delta{S_{p1}}=-jU_1^2\frac{B}{2}"><span></span><span></span></span>
总功率损耗<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="\Delta{S_L}=\Delta{P_2}+j\Delta{Q_2}+\Delta{S_{p1}}+\Delta{S_{p2}}"><span></span><span></span></span>
高压输电线路运行特性
与传输的功率的关系
线路空载
首端电压<末端电压
线路损耗&无功损耗
末端带阻性负载
首端电压>末端电压，首端电压相位超前末端电压
线路损耗&负荷损耗
末端带大容量感性负载
首端电压>末端电压，首端电压相位滞后末端电压
线路损耗&无功损耗&负荷损耗
自然功率<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="S_n"><span></span><span></span></span>
条件
负荷阻抗=线路波阻抗
入射波输送到线路末端的功率完全被负荷吸收
<span class="equation-text" contenteditable="false" data-index="0" data-equation="S_n=\frac{U_n^2}{Z_c}=\frac{U_n^2}{\sqrt{L_1/C_1}}"><span></span><span></span></span>
输电线路特征
电感消耗的无功=分布电容产生的无功
线路任一点电压电流大小相等
线路任一点电压电流相位相同
