项目生命周期六大模型

<span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>强调开发工作（计划、设计、开发、测试、维护等）各阶段之间的<strong><font color="#ff9800">先后顺序</font></strong></span><span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>，不可以并行操作。</span>

<span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>与瀑布模型不同，不再强调开发工作的序列化</span><span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>过程，而是将这些<strong><font color="#ff9800">过程并行化</font></strong></span><span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>，<br>分为多个阶段，每个阶段都包含这些工作，只是不同阶段，不同的比例。</span>

<span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>每个周期分为四个阶段：</span><span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>制定计划、风险分析、实事工程、客户评估。<br><strong><font color="#ff9800">强调产品从小到大，不断改进，不断风险分析的过程</font></strong>，特别适合于庞大而复杂的、高风险的系统。</span>

<span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'><strong><font color="#ff9800">强调产品以用户为中心</font></strong>，先开发一个简单的原型，和用户进行持续沟通，最终确定需求，并设计出最终的产品。<br>分为进化型和抛弃型。</span>

<span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'><strong><font color="#ff9800">强调以人为核心</font></strong>，</span><span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>这点和原型化模型很像，但是更强调程序员团队和业务专家之间的紧密联系，<br>频繁交付新的软件版本，紧凑的自我组织型团队，更注重软件开发中人的作用。</span>

<span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'>强调将<strong><font color="#ff9800">测试和开发</font></strong></span><span style='color: rgb(77, 77, 77); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: -apple-system, "SF UI Text", Arial, "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: no-common-ligatures; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;'><strong><font color="#ff9800">等重要</font></strong>，对于开发阶段都有与之对应的测试阶段。</span>