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初中英语必考时态总结

2025-07-29 00:29:55   1  举报

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初中英语必考时态总结

时态

知识

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大纲/内容

一般现在时

定义

表示经常性或习惯性的动作

普遍真理或事实

构成

主语+动词原形（第三人称单数加-s或-es）

例句

She plays the piano every evening.

Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

现在进行时

定义

表示正在进行的动作或当前一段时间内的活动

构成

主语+be动词(am/is/are)+动词现在分词(-ing形式)

例句

He is reading a book right now.

They are playing football in the park.

现在完成时

定义

表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

构成

主语+have/has+动词过去分词

例句

I have finished my homework.

She has just left the room.

现在完成进行时

定义

表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，并可能继续进行

构成

主语+have/has+been+动词现在分词

例句

They have been studying for two hours.

I have been waiting for you since 8 o'clock.

一般过去时

定义

表示过去某一确定时间发生的动作或存在的状态

构成

主语+动词过去式

例句

He went to the market yesterday.

She studied English last night.

过去进行时

定义

表示过去某一特定时间正在进行的动作

构成

主语+was/were+动词现在分词

例句

I was watching TV when he arrived.

They were playing basketball at 8 o'clock last night.

过去完成时

定义

表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作

构成

主语+had+动词过去分词

例句

She had left before I got there.

They had finished the work by 5 o'clock.

过去完成进行时

定义

表示在过去某一时间点之前开始，并可能持续到那个时间点的动作

构成

主语+had been+动词现在分词

例句

By the time we arrived, they had been arguing for an hour.

He had been sleeping when the phone rang.

一般将来时

定义

表示将来某一时间会发生的动作或存在的状态

构成

主语+will/shall+动词原形

例句

I will go to the cinema tomorrow.

He shall return the book next week.

将来进行时

定义

表示在将来某一特定时间将正在进行的动作

构成

主语+will be+动词现在分词

例句

This time tomorrow, I will be flying to Paris.

They will be having a meeting at 10 a.m. next Monday.

将来完成时

定义

表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作

构成

主语+will have+动词过去分词

例句

By next month, I will have graduated from university.

They will have finished the project by the end of this year.

将来完成进行时

定义

表示在将来某一时间点之前开始，并可能持续到那个时间点的动作

构成

主语+will have been+动词现在分词

例句

By the time you come, I will have been waiting for two hours.

They will have been working on this project for three years by next June.

过去将来时

定义

表示从过去某一时间点看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态

构成

主语+would+动词原形

例句

He said he would visit us the next day.

She thought she would pass the exam.

过去将来进行时

定义

表示从过去某一时间点看将来某一特定时间将正在进行的动作

构成

主语+would be+动词现在分词

例句

He said he would be traveling in Europe this time next year.

She told me she would be studying for her exams.

过去将来完成时

定义

表示从过去某一时间点看将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作

构成

主语+would have+动词过去分词

例句

He said he would have finished the work by the end of the month.

She thought she would have graduated by the time she was 22.

过去将来完成进行时

定义

表示从过去某一时间点看将来某一时间点之前开始，并可能持续到那个时间点的动作

构成

主语+would have been+动词现在分词

例句

He said by the time we arrived, he would have been working there for two years.

She told me that by the end of the year, she would have been studying for three years.

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