Principle
1. Fixation 2. Staining with crystal violet 3. Treatment with iodine (forms a crystal violet-iodine complex) 4. Decolorization with 95% ethanol 5. Counterstaining with safranin or diluted fuchsin
rash
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
CASE 3
Nasal Discharge Color- Mechanism: Neutrophil death → Myeloperoxidase → Yellow-green color- Viral progression: Color change normal in late stages (day 4-7)- Bacterial indicators: - Duration >7 days or no improvement by day 10 - High fever with severe headache/facial pain- Initial improvement followed by worsening
Pediatric Vaccination Schedule
vomiting
diagnosis and differential diagnosis of meningitis
Members:
Clinical significance
concrete content
Cold Classification
Neurological physical examination
Cytological examination
Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD)
Gram Staining
Preoperative preparation
顽固的“感冒”
Tutor: 丛华President:徐显睿Secretary:夏秀琳
Category II Vaccines (Optional & Self-paid)
Inspiration
It is divided into multiple grades from \"clear and transparent\" to \"immediately forms a white clot\
Formation Causes and Mechanisms
Creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB)
- Gram-positive bacteria: - Thick peptidoglycan layer - Retains the crystal violet-iodine complex after decolorization → purple - Gram-negative bacteria: - Thin peptidoglycan layer + high lipid content in outer membrane - Loses the complex during decolorization → takes up red counterstain → red
Steps
Changes during the typical meningitis stage
All indicators gradually return to normal.
Insights1. Severe childhood infections require vigilance against \"cold-like\
diagnose
Early or shock type
The Pandy test
Common Causes
赵一帆张峻源姜惠静刘宇航李竹铭李玉娇谢英敏
Pathological Mechanism
Cerebrospinal fluid examination
mechanism of transmission
Result interpretation
Pathogenic mechanism and pathophysiology
① Neurological disorders② Organic gastrointestinal obstruction③ Infectious gastrointestinal diseases④ Vestibular disorders⑤ Systemic causes- Poisoning or postoperative complications- Metabolic disorders- Endocrine diseases- Pregnancy-related reactions- Infectious diseases
Recovery period
Pathogenic characteristics
Rash Types and Characteristics
Fever Mechanism
Examination sequence
Observe the color of the cerebrospinal fluid
Gram staining classifies bacteria into Gram-positive (purple) and Gram-negative (red) based on differences in their cell wall structure and chemical composition. - Developed by Hans Christian Gram in 1884.
epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis
The changes in each period
Pathogen examination
Susceptible populations and high-risk factors
Causes of Cold and Fever in Children During Autumn
FLOW
Clinical manifestations and classification
Mechanism
Category I Vaccines (Mandatory & Free)
Myocardial Infarction
