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organic substance

organic substance

2026-09-24 11:08:55   0  举报

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nh

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aliphatic

alkane

general formula<br>

CnH2n+2

isomer

structural isomer

chain isomer

stereoisomer

optical isomer

structure

saturated

substitution

mechanism

free radical

initiation

propagation

termination

source&use

source<br>fractional distillation from crude oil

catalytic cracking

Al2O3+high temperature

alkene

general formula<br>

CnH2n

isomer

structural isomer

chain isomer

positional isomer

functional group isomer

stereoisomer

optical isomer

geometrical isomer

structure

C=C

geometrical isomer

addition

oxidation

cold dilute acidified KMnO4

break π bond

hot concentrated acidified KMnO4

break C=C double bond

mechanism

electrophilic addition

intermediate:<br>3º>2º>1º

test for double bond

add bromine water

orange to colourless

addition of H2

Ni+heat

hydration

concentrated H3PO4, high T high P

producing alcohol

source&use

by cracking from alkane

addition polymerisation

vinyl chloride

tetrafluoroethene

halogenaoalkane

general formula<br>

子主题

isomer

structural isomer

chain isomer

stereoisomer

optical isomer

structure

polar bond

higher m.p./b.p.

saturateds

substitution

mechanism

nucleophilic substitution

<br>

SN1

tertiary

secondary

rate affected by conc. of 1 reactant

2steps

intermediate

SN2

primary

secondary

rate affected by conc. of 2 reactants

1 step

transition state

子主题

hydrolysis

KCN in ethanol

excess NH3 in ethanol

elimination

source&use

alcohol

general formula<br>

isomer

structure

mechanism

source&use

carboxylic acid

general formula<br>

isomer

structure

mechanism

source&use

ester

general formula<br>

isomer

structure

mechanism

source&use

aldehyde

general formula<br>

isomer

structure

mechanism

source&use

ketone

general formula<br>

isomer

structure

mechanism

source&use

aromatic

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2026年米哈游校招岗位

文章organic数据下降处理

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文章organic数据下降处理

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Chemistry

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锂离子电池的组成部分

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