3.特殊句型
2021-04-13 17:19:12 0 举报
AI智能生成
英语语法----特殊句型
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
特殊句型
一、倒装句
倒装:主谓颠倒即为倒装。
复习
句子=主干部分+修饰部分
主干部分=主语部分+谓语部分
=主语部分+(助动词+实义动词)
正常语序/陈述语序/正装
助动词
do类:
do、does、did
will类:
will/shall、would
have类:
have、has、had
be类:
am、is、are、was、were
情态动词
can/may/must/ought to...
三种语序
1.“正常语序”= 主语+谓语
2.“完全倒装”=谓语+主语(全倒)
即“谓语动词”整个儿挪到主语前面
3.“部分倒装”=助动词+主语+实义动词(半倒)★
即谓语动词的“一部分”---助动词挪到主语前面
例题:
At the foot of the mountain ______.
A. a villiage lies
正常语序
B. lies a village
完全倒装
C. does a village lie
部分倒装(半倒装)
D. lying a village
(不存在一个谓语动词)
1.完全倒装=谓语+主语
规则:以here、there、up、down、in the park等副词以及表地点,方位的短语为首的句子,后面主谓完全倒装。
例句
Here comes the bus.
Here are some suggestions for you.
By the table sits a foreign boy.
Between the two weird buildings stands a tree.
Across the river lies a bridge.
例子:
Nobody lives in my heart but you.
In my heart lives nobady but you.
小规则1
Now 和 Then置于句首,有时也完全倒装
Your turn comes now.
Now comes your turn.
小规则2
主语是代词是不能倒装
例子
Here you are.
给你
Here we are!
我们到齐了
Here it is.
在这里/给你
了解一下,不考
2.部分倒装=助动词+主语+实义动词★
1)否定词置于句首时用“部分倒装”
a:否定词扩展
单词
never
绝不
seldom
很少
rarely
hardly
几乎不
scarcely
little
加上冠词表肯定,去掉冠词表否定
few
修饰可数名词
nowhere
无处;哪里都不
under/in no circumstances
短语
三词短语,no在中间,打在句首,表示绝不,后面要用半倒装。
on no account
at no time
in no case
in no way
by no means
I visited jiuzhaigou last autumn.Never in my life have I seen so beautiful a place like that.
By no means can we yield to the pressure.
b:四大加分句型
① Hardly...when...【倒装前半句】
含义:一...就...
用法:Hardly+半倒装+when+陈述句
考法:hardly+had sb done+when+sb+did
例句:
Hardly had he got out of the court when the reporters raised a lot of questions to him.
② no sooner...than...【倒装前半句】
用法:no sooner+半倒装+than+陈述句
考法:No sooner+had sb done(过去完成时)+than+sb+did(一般过去时)
No sooner had he got out of the court than the reporters raised a lot of questions to him.
③ Not only ... but (also)...★【倒装前半句】
含义:不仅...而且...【可以用在作文里】
用法:Not only+半倒装+But also+陈述句
font color=\"#fdb813\
含义:直到...才...
用法:Not until + 陈述句+半倒装
2)“Only+状语”置于句首用“半倒”
考翻译、作文:只有...才...
需要背的句子:
1. Only then can I have the chance to realize my dreams.
只有这样我才能有机会实现我的梦想。
2. Only in this way can you achieve great success in the future.
只有这样,你才能在未来取得巨大的成功。
3. Only by doing some down-to-earth work shall we solve all the problem.
只有做一些脚踏实地的工作,我们才能解决所有的问题。
4. Only when you grow up can you understand me.
只有长大了你才能理解我。
测试:
只有以这样的方式你才能成功减肥。
Only in this way can you lose your weight successfully.
3)So+adj/adv+半倒+that+陈述 Such + n+半倒+that+陈述
不可数名词只能用such
可数名词
So fast does he run that we can't catch up with him.
他跑得太快,我们赶不上他。
不可数名词
Such fine weather is it that we are going to for a picnic.
天气这么好,我们打算去野餐。
4)虚拟主从句的半倒装
5)尽管倒装
强调部分提前,although变as
名词
动词
副词
注意:
(1)强调名,形,动,副四种词。
(2)强调名词提前时不带前冠词。
(3)although不准倒,as必须倒,though可倒可不倒。
6)两倒一不倒
两倒
前后两句主语或事件不同。
一不倒
主语和事件都相同,后句只是对前句的符合。
-A likes English. -So does B.
A喜欢英语,B也喜欢||后面倒装。因为讲的事两个事件
-A doesn't like English. -Neither / Nor does B.
-A Likes English. -So he does.
-A喜欢英语。 -是的,他喜欢。|| 讲的主语是一个人不用倒装。
二、强调句
1.第一种强调
do/did/does+动词原型(无否定和疑问式)
I love you.
I do love you.
He loves you.
He does love you.
将助动词与实义动词(do/does/did)隔离,以强调实义动词
2.强调句型
基本结构:It+be+被强调的部分+that>who(强调人的时候)>whom(强调宾语的人)+句中剩余部分
最简单的高级语序:两次剪切,两次粘贴
判断时,去掉it+be......that......是否还成完整的一句话
be动词
is表示 现在或将来
was表示现在或过去
考点
1)单选题
考that,通过删减判断句子是不是强调句,是就选that
2)汉译英
就是...
It is you that/who/whom I love.
我爱的人是你。
It is I that/who/love you.
爱你的人是我。
重点.难点.考点
判断是否真的在考强调句型
强调句常见四种开头
It is
It was
is It
was it
三、省略句
1.并列句中的省略
“并列句”中,后一分句中,与前一分句重复的内容可省略。
Lily likes dancing and hates singing.
例题
One font color=\"#fdb813\
A the other is white
B another is white
C the other white
D another is white
2.状语从句中的省略(时间,条件,让步)
在状语从句中如果满足:
① 从句主语和主句主语相同,或从句主语是it
② 从句谓语动词中含有be 类助动词
则省略从句的主语和be 类助动词
He will come if asked.
He will come if (he is) asked.
She fell asleep while doing homework.
She fell asleep while (she was) doing homework.
I will go to beijing if possible/necessary.
I will go to beijing if it is possible/necessary.
3.“动词不定式”的省略
当to后面的内容和前面的内容重复时,to后面可省略,保留到to或to后面的be动词或助动词。
A. hopes to
B. hopes so
C. hopes not
D. hopes for
四、反义疑问句
结构一
前肯后否,人称、时态需一致
结构二
前否后肯,(注意否定词)
注意:陈述部分有 font color=\"#fdb813\
结构三
祈使句,前肯后will/won't you祈使句,前否后will you
结构四
Let's
shall we
Let us
will you
注意点
1.否定句由font color=\"#fdb813\
2.陈述部分的主语为font color=\"#fdb813\
3.陈述部分的主语是font color=\"#fdb813\
4.主从复合句的反意疑问句一般与主句一致,但当
5.used to --- used/did
used to --- used/did
had better --- had
would rather --- would
情态动词+have done ---- 句子中有明确时间状语,反义疑问句要与时间状语相一致。
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