《赖世雄经典文法》读书笔记
2016-11-11 12:11:26 2 举报AI智能生成
《赖世雄经典文法》第二章主要探讨了句子连接的方法。这一章详细阐述了如何通过各种连接词和短语来连接两个或多个句子，以形成更复杂、更连贯的表达。书中介绍了并列连接、转折连接、因果连接、条件连接等多种连接方式，并通过丰富的例句和练习题帮助读者理解和掌握这些技巧。此外，赖世雄还强调了在写作中正确使用连接词的重要性，以及避免过度使用连接词导致的表达不清问题。总的来说，这一章为读者提供了一套实用且系统的句子连接方法，有助于提高英语写作的流畅性和准确性。
作者其他创作
大纲/内容
连接符号
破折号
与连字号(-)区别开来
作用
强调第一个句子
that is say
连接同位语
冒号
作用
连接句子
分号
作用
等于“逗号+连接词”
并列连接词
单一连接词/并列连接词
单词
and
e.g. He and I enjoy singing.
e.g.He is kind and handsome.
or
e.g. Is he sad or happy?
but
e.g. He doesn't like her but hates her.
短语
and
e.g. I came to see her and (to) tell her the truth.
or
e.g. Does he work in Shanghai or in Beijing?
but
e.g. He is not good at English but poor at it.
句子
and
e.g. He works hard, and his father is proud of him.
or
e.g. Did he fail because he was lazy or because he was careless?
but
e.g. He doesn't study, but his teacher likes him.
e.g. I like John, who is easy to get along with but whose brother is too arrogant to associate with.
单一连接词衍生的其他连接词
and
both...and...
单词: Both Peter and Marry work hard.
短语: He succeeded both because of his intelligent and because of his hard work.
句子: He succeed both because he was intelligent and because he worked hard.
or
either...or...
单词: He will either stay or leave.
neither...nor...
but
not...but...
单词: He is not kind but cruel.
not only...but also...
短语: He went to the USA not only to learn English but (also) to know more abut American culture.
句子: Not only can she sing, but she can (also) dance.
注意事项
a. 连接主语时, "both…and..."之后始终接复数动词：其余连接词连接主语时，动
词则要随最近的主语做单复数变化。
词则要随最近的主语做单复数变化。
e.g. Both he and I are happy about it.
e.g. Either he or I am wrong.
e.g. Neither you nor he is to blame.
e.g. Not he but I am to be responsible for it .
e.g. Not only they but (also) John has passed the exam.
b. both...and.../neither...nor.../not...but...通常不用来连接句子，not only...but also...则可用来连接句子，并且用倒装结构。
not only由于是否定副词的关系若置于第一个分句之前，该主句要采倒装结构。
而but also则为连接词，所连接的第二个分句不须倒装。
be动词与主语倒装
助动词与主语倒装
一般动词do, does, did
Not only...but also...其他注意事项
a. also通常可以省略, 若不省略
连接单词或短语时，but also不分开
连接句子时，but also一定要分开
b. =not only...but...as well
e.g. She is not only pretty but also kind.= She is not only pretty but kind as well.
c. =not just...but also...
并列连接词不能单独放句首，除非上下文有联系。
其他并列连接词
as well as
单词: We as well as John like it.
短语: He came here to learn English as well as to know more about life.
句子: I like her because she is sweet as well as because she is kind.
rather than
单词: He is happy rather than sad.
短语: He is interested in music rather than in painting
句子: He failed because he was lazy rather than because he was not intelligent.
注意事项
as well as或rather than连接主语时，该句动词始终要随第一个主语做变化。
not
等于rather than，唯使用时，not之前恒加逗号
e.g. He, not me, is interested in music.
e.g. I like this book, not that one.
副词连接词
只能连接从句
副词连接词冠于任何一个从句前面，该从句就成为状语从句，而状语从句绝不可能单
独存在，一定要与主句共存。整个状语从句可视为副词，用来修饰主句。
独存在，一定要与主句共存。整个状语从句可视为副词，用来修饰主句。
惯用法则
任何一个副词连接词所引导的从句若置于主句之后，两句之间通常不置逗号
但若该状语从句置于主句之前，则两句之间通常置逗号
避免双重连接
条件句与主句的时态
表将来的状况时, 条件句要采用一般现在时（或现在完成时），主句用一般将来时。
e.g. When I am rich, I will buy a car.
e.g. If he has time, he will come here.
e.g. As soon as I have done it, I will let you know.
e.g. Once I am free, I will take a trip abroad.
e.g. Unless he comes back tomrrow, I will leave.
疑问句: Q: How long will it be before he comes?
It will be another two years before he graduates.
连接性副词
a. however, nevertheless (然而）
e.g. He is nice; however (nevertheless), I don't like him.
b. therefore, thus (因此)
therefore之后通常要加逗号，thus则不加逗号。
c. . moreover, furthermore, in addition (此外)
d. besides与in addition均表此外，但前者多用于有否定或消极意味的句中。
注意事项
furthermore, moreover, besides, in addition通常只置于主语前，而不插入句中。
其他重要的副词连接词
as
1. 作“当”解时，相当于when之意
e.g. When I was young, I was quite happy.
2. 作“虽然”解时，等于though
though引导的状语从句有下列句型变化
3. 作“因为”解时，相当于because之意
e.g. As he has apologized to me , I'm going to forgive him.
where
e.g. Where I live, people are very nice.
once
or
作 "否则" 之意，=otherwise
e.g. You must work hard, or I will fire you.
nor
作 "也不" 之意， 以连接两个否定的句子， nor之后的分句要采用问句结构的倒装句型
e.g. She can't sing, nor can she dance.
e.g. He isn't clever, nor is he deligent.
e.g. He never lies, nor does he bully other kids.
so that
这样的话；以便
e.g. I got up early so that I could get to school on time.
注意事项
so...that...
如此...以至于...
e.g. He is so nice that we all like him.
注意事项
in that
因为
e.g. He is great in that he speaks five different languages.
except that
只可惜，只不过是
e.g. She is nice except that she is a little shy.
since
表 "因为" 之意时，相当于because
e.g. Since you have finished your work, you may leave anytime.
表 "自从" 之意时, 所引导的状语从句采一般过去时，主句则为现在完成时或现在完成进行时
e.g. He has been studying quite hard (ever) since he went to college.
while
副词连接词
表 "当......" 时, while视为副词连接词，引导状语从句。
e.g. While she was doing the dishes, I was writing my homework.
并列连接词
表 "而......" 时, while视为并列连接词，连接并列句。
e.g. He is nice, while (whereas) his brother is bad.
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