微粒分散系的制备技术
2016-12-10 20:44:41 0 举报仅支持查看
AI智能生成
微粒分散系的制备技术主要包括物理分散法和化学分散法。物理分散法主要是通过机械力，如研磨、搅拌等方法，使微粒均匀地分散在介质中。这种方法简单易行，但可能会对微粒造成一定的损伤。化学分散法则是通过化学反应，使微粒在介质中稳定地分散。这种方法可以得到稳定性更好的微粒分散系，但反应条件较为复杂。无论采用哪种方法，都需要考虑微粒的大小、形状、表面性质以及介质的性质等因素，以确保微粒能够均匀、稳定地分散在介质中。
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大纲/内容
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微粒分散系</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">由微粒构成的分散体系统</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">聚合物胶束<br></p>
聚合物胶束是由两亲性嵌段共聚物在水中自组装形成的一种热力学稳定的胶体溶液
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">特点</span></p>
共聚物疏水段受水分子排挤，自动缔合聚集形成胶束的疏水核芯
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">共聚物亲水段形成胶束的亲水外层使胶束在水中稳定</span>
除用于药物增溶外，聚合物胶束作为给药系统，可提高药物稳定性，延缓释放，提高药效，降低毒性，具有靶向性
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;<br>mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:<br>minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;<br>mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;<br>mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">聚合物胶束的形成原理</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">与表面活性剂形成胶束相似。在水相中加入两亲性聚合物后，聚合物分子分布在水的表面，疏水嵌段向外，亲水嵌段向内。当两亲性聚合物分子在水表面的浓度达到饱和后，如果继续向水相中添加聚合物分子，其分子就会转入溶液内部，其疏水嵌段聚集，形成亲水嵌段向外、疏水嵌段向内的聚合物分子缔合体，即聚合物胶束</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">聚合物胶束的载药方法和释药机制</span></p>
<div>载药方法</div><div><br></div>
<div>物理方法</div><div><br></div>
通过物理方法处理，疏水性药物可直接被包裹于胶束内核中
<div>特点——操作简单，载药范围广</div><div><br></div>
方法——直接溶解法、透析法、乳化-溶剂挥发法、自组装溶剂挥发法
<div>化学结合法</div><div><br></div>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">利用药物与聚合物疏水链上的活性基团发生化学反应，将药物共价结合在聚合物上</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">特点</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">需要有能够反应的活性基团，应用受到限制</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">静电作用</span></p>
药物与带相反电荷的聚合物胶束疏水区通过静电作用而紧密结合将药物包封于胶束内
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">特点</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">制备简单，制得胶束稳定</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">释药机制</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">不同形态的聚合物胶束具有不同的释放原理与释放方式</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">通常释药机制</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">药物通过扩散从聚合物胶束中渗透出来</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">聚合物胶束解离药物随之渗出</span>
通过化学键连接在胶束聚合物上的药物因化学键断裂（酶解或水解）而释放
<div>影响聚合物胶束性能的因素</div><div><br></div>
<div>聚合物材料的种类及组成</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">温度的影响</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">外加电解质的影响</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">聚合物胶束的质量评价</span></p>
<div>聚合物胶束的形态、粒径及其分布</div><div><br></div>
<div>聚合物胶束CAC的测定</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">载药量和包封率的测定</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">有机溶剂残留量</span></p>
纳米乳与亚微乳
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳</span>
由 油、水、乳化剂和助乳化剂组成的，具各向同性、外观澄清的热力学稳定体系
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">亚微乳</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">乳滴粒径在</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">100~1000nm</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">范围，其稳定性介于纳米乳与普通乳（乳滴大小</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">1~100um</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">）之间，热压灭菌时间太长或两次灭菌会分层</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">特点</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">一定条件下可自发（或轻微振摇）形成，无须外力做功</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">大多为大小均匀的球形，粒径大多小于</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">100nm</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">，外观透明或半透明，可过滤除菌</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">较大温度范围内保持热力学稳定，经热压灭菌或离心仍不分层</span>
内部同时存在亲油、亲水区域，能显著增大药物溶解度
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">为促进曲率半径很小的乳滴形成，处方中除加入乳化剂外还需加入助乳化剂</span>
<div>亚微乳</div><div><br></div>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">通常用高压乳匀机制备，外观不透明或呈乳状</span>
粒径大于纳米乳，从而产生以稳定性差异为代表的一系列性质的差异
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳的形成</span></p>
<div>纳米乳的相图和结构</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">伪三元相图</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">分类</span></p>
<div>油包水（W/O）型</div><div><br></div>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%"> 微小的水滴分散于油中，表面覆盖一层乳化剂和助乳化剂分子构成的单分子膜。分子极性头朝着水相，脂肪链朝着油相</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">水包油（</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">O/W</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">）型</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">结构与</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">W/O</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">型相反。微小的液滴分散于水相中</span>
<div>双连续相型——纳米乳的特有结构</div><div><br></div>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%"> 当油水两相比例适当时，任一部分的油相在形成液滴被水相包围的同时，也可与其它液滴一起组成油连续相，包围介于油相中的水滴，油水间界面不断波动使其具有各向同性，称为双连续相纳米乳</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳的形成机制</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">混合膜理论</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">该理论认为乳化剂和助乳化剂形成的超低界面张力对纳米乳的形成起着重要作用</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">增溶理论</span></p>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:en-US;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">Shinoda</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">等认为纳米乳是油相和水相分别增溶于胶束或反胶束中，溶胀到一定粒径范围内形成的，增溶作用是纳米乳自发形成的原因之一</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">热力学理论</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">当分散过程的熵变大于分散体表面积增加所需的能量时，就会发生自乳化</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳的制备</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">制备的一般步骤</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">处方筛选</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">确定油、乳化剂和助乳化剂后，通过伪三元相图找出纳米乳区域，确定各自用量</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳的制备</span></p>
由相图确定处方后，将各成分按比例混合即可制得纳米乳（无须做很大的功），且与各成分加入的次序无关
<div>制备方法</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳的制备：滴定法、搅拌法</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">
亚微乳的制备：高能乳化法</span></p>
<div>高能乳化法</div><div><br></div>
<div>剪切搅拌乳化法</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">胶体磨乳化法</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">超声波乳化法</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">高压匀质法：先用高速混合器制得粗乳，再用高压匀质机乳化</span>
低能乳化法
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">利用纳米乳体系的理化性质，使乳滴的分散能够自发产生，避免或减轻了机械制备过程对药物的物理破坏，可形成更小粒径的乳滴，包括相变温度法</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">、相转变法</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">影响纳米乳与亚微乳形成的因素</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">亚微乳常作为胃肠外给药的载体，乳滴的粒径应比微血管（内径</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">4um</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">左右）小才不会发生栓塞。一般亚微乳要使用两步高压乳匀机将粗乳捣碎，并滤去粗乳滴与碎片</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳与亚微乳的质量评价</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">理化性质</span></p>
<div>黏度</div><div><br></div>
<div>黏度的要求因给药途径而异</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">旋转式黏度计</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">折光率</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">黏度与折光率可检查纳米乳的纯杂程度</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">阿贝折光仪</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">电导率</span>
<div>鉴别纳米乳结构类型的重要方法</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">乳滴粒径分布</span></p>
<div>乳滴粒径是评价纳米乳和亚微乳的重要质量指标</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳与亚微乳作为药物载体的应用</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">口服给药系统</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">可提高口服难溶性药物的溶解度</span></p>
<div>注射给药系统</div><div><br></div>
<div>粒径小，不易堵塞静脉血管且稳定性好，即可热压灭菌，也可微膜过滤灭菌，而且黏度小，注射时不引起疼痛，还可根据需要实现缓释和靶向给药</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">自乳化系统</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">自乳化系统</span><span style="font-family:
仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;
mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:
solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">是在没有水相存在的情况下，由药物、油相、表面活性剂和助表面活性剂形成的口服固体或液体制剂。</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">一般分装于软</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">/</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">硬胶囊中</span></p>
纳米粒与亚微粒
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米粒</span>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%"> 粒径在</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;
mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;mso-style-textfill-type:
solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">10~100nm</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">范围，药物可溶解、包裹于高分子材料中形成载体纳米粒</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">亚微粒</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">粒径在</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">100~1000nm</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">范围</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">特性</span></p>
具特殊医疗价值
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">当药物到达血液系统时，药物根据其化学结构决定其物化性质，从而影响其生物特性，而制成纳米粒、亚微粒后，可隐藏药物的理化特性，其体内过程依赖于载体的理化特性</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">肝、脾或骨髓等部位具有被动靶向性，或包衣结合成直径为</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">10~20nm</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">顺磁性</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">Fe3O4</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">粒子，可有特殊情况下的物理主动靶向作用</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">载体材料</span></p>
聚酯类
<div>两亲性嵌段共聚物</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯类</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米粒与亚微粒的制备方法</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">天然高分子凝聚法</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">乳化聚合法</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">目前制备纳米粒、亚微粒的主要方法之一</span></p>
<div>液中干燥法</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">自乳化法</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">聚合物胶束法</span></p>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">固体脂质纳米球</span><br>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">是指以生理相容的高熔点脂质为骨架材料制成的纳米球</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">特点 </span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">具有纳米粒的物理稳定性高、药物泄漏少、缓释性好的特点</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">毒性低、易于大规模生产</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">制备方法</span></p>
熔融-匀化法
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">冷却</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">-</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">匀化法</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">纳米乳法</span>
<div>纳米粒与亚微粒的质量评价</div><div><br></div>
<div>形态、粒径及其分布——电镜、激光散射粒度分析仪</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:el;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">ζ</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">电位</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">对稳定性有较大影响</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">再分散性</span></p>
<div>载药量与包封率</div><div><br></div>
<div>载药量=（纳米粒中含药量/纳米粒总重量）*100%</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">包封率</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">=</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">（总药量</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">-</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">游离的药量）</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">/</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">载药量*</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">100%</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">药物的释放速率</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">稳定性考察</span></p>
<div>有机溶剂残留量</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">对特殊纳米粒的要求</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">特殊纳米粒应提供药物的体内分布数据及体内分布动力学数据、生物相容性等</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:<br>"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;<br>mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:<br>12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:<br>text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">分散系</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">是一种或几种物质高度分散在某种介质中所形成的体系</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";<br>mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:<br>minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;<br>mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;<br>mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">被分散的物质称为分散相，</span><span style="font-size: 13px; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: black;">连续的介质称为分散介质</span><span style="font-size: 13px; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; color: black;">，或称连续相 </span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">意义</span></p>
粒径小、分散度大，有助于提高药物的溶解速度及溶解度，提高难溶性药物的生物利用度
药物被包封在载体中，改善药物在体内外的稳定性
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">不同大小的微粒在体内分布具有一定的选择性，容易被网状内皮系统吞噬，可达到肝脾等器官的被动靶向</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">根据微囊（球）的载体性质，使微粒具有明显的缓释作用，可延长药物在体内的作用时间，降低毒副作用等</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">聚合物胶束的分类</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">嵌段聚合物胶束</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">接枝聚合物胶束</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">聚电解质胶束</span></p>
<div> 非共价键胶束</div><div><br></div>
<div><div>微囊与微球</div></div><div><br></div>
<span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:#3366CC;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;
language:zh-CN;font-weight:bold;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:
#3366CC;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%"> </span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊是近</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">40</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">年来应用于药物的载体，其制备技术称微囊化</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊化利用天然的或合成的高分子材料作为囊材，制备囊膜</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">将固态药物或液态药物包裹成微囊</span>
若使药物溶解和（或）分散在高分子材料中，形成骨架型微小球状实体，称为微球
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>微囊和微球的粒径范围在1~250um之间，属微米级，又统称微粒
<div style="font-size: 17px;">微囊与微球</div><div><br></div>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">掩盖药物的不良气味及口味</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">提高药物的稳定性</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">防止药物在胃内失活或减少对胃的刺激性</span>
使液态药物固态化，便于应用与贮存
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">减少复方药物的配伍变化</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">可制备缓释或控释制剂</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">使药物浓集于靶区，提高疗效，降低毒副作用</span>
将活细胞生物活性物质包囊
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊与微球的载体材料</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊、微球除主药和载体材料外，还应包括提高微囊化质量而加入的附加剂</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">稳定剂、稀释剂以及控制释放速率的阻滞剂、促进剂，改善囊膜可塑性的增塑剂等</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊化的方式</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:
仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">取决于设计要求、药物、载体材料和附加剂的性质和工艺条件</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊的制备方法</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">单凝聚法</span>
复凝聚法
溶剂-非溶剂法
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">改变温度法</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">液中干燥法</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">影响粒径的因素</span>
粒径是衡量微囊（球）质量的重要指标。粒径直接影响药物的释放、生物利用度、载药量、有机溶剂残留量以及体内分布与靶向性等
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊（球）的质量控制指标与评价方法</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">形态、粒径及其分布</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">光学显微镜法、扫描或透射电子显微镜法、激光衍射法</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊（球）的载药量与包封率</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">载药量</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊（球）中所含药物重量</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">/</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">微囊（球）的总重*</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">100%</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">包封率</span>
系统中包封的含药量/系统中包封和未包封的总药量*100%
脂质体与类脂囊泡
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:<br>"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;<br>mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:<br>12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:<br>text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">当两亲性分子如磷脂分散于水相时，分子的疏水尾部倾向于聚集在一起，避开水相，而亲水头部暴露于水相，形成具有双分子层结构的封闭囊泡</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";<br>mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:<br>minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;<br>mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;<br>mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">。在囊泡内水相和双分子膜内可以包裹多种药物，类似于超微囊结构。这种将药物包封于类脂质双分子层薄膜中所制成的超微球形载体制剂，称为脂质体</span>
<div class="O1" style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.31in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-fareast-font-family:<br>仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;<br>color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;<br>mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;<br>mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">结构</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";<br>mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:<br>minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;<br>mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;<br>mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";<br>mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:<br>minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;<br>mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;<br>mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">由磷脂和胆固醇构成</span></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:Arial;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">脂质体的膜材料</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">主要为类脂成分，磷脂最常用</span></p>
<div>脂质体的理化性质</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">相变温度</span></p>
酰基侧链越长或链的饱和度越高，相变温度越高；链短或饱和度低，相变温度低
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">膜的通透性</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">脂质体膜是半通透性膜；不同离子、分子扩散跨膜的速率有极大不同</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">膜的流动性</span></p>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">是脂质体的一个重要物理性质，在相变温度时膜的流动性增加，包裹在脂质体内的药物具有最大释放速率；膜的流动性直接影响脂质体的稳定性</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">脂质体荷电性</span></p>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">含酸性脂质荷负电；含碱基（胺基）脂质荷正电；不含离子的脂质体显电中性</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
Arial;mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">脂质体的功能</span>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">淋巴系统趋向性</span>
<div>被动靶向性</div><div><br></div>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">主动靶向性</span>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">物理化学靶向性</span>
<div>脂质体的作用机制</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">吸附</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">是脂质体作用的开始</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:<br>"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;<br>mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:<br>12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:<br>text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">脂质交换</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";<br>mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:<br>minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;<br>mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;<br>mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";<br>mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:<br>minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;<br>mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;<br>mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">是指脂质体膜上的脂质成分与细胞膜的</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">脂质交换</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">是指脂质体膜上的脂质成分与细胞膜的</span>
<div>内吞/吞噬——是脂质体作用的主要机制</div><div><br></div>
融合——是指脂质体的膜插入细胞膜的脂质层中，将内容物释放到细胞内
<div>渗漏——是考察脂质体稳定性的重要指标</div><div><br></div>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">磷酸酯酶消化</span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:en-US;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">——</span><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">消化程度与体内磷酸酯酶含量呈正比例关系</span></p>
<div><div style="font-size: 13.3333px;">脂质体的质量评价</div></div><div><br></div>
<div>包封率与载药量</div><div><br></div>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">包封率</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">是指包入脂质体内的药物量与体系总药物量的百分比，一般采用重量包封率</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">载药量</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">是指脂质体中药物的百分含量</span></p>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">形态与粒径</span>
<div>表面电性</div><div><br></div>
<span style="font-size: 13.3333px; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; color: black;">泄漏率</span><span style="font-size: 13.3333px; font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: black;">——</span><span style="font-size: 13.3333px; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; color: black;">脂质体中药物的泄漏率表示脂质体在贮存期间包封率的变化情况，是衡量脂质体稳定性的重要指标</span>
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; font-size: 13.3333px;">磷脂的氧化程度</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">特点</span></p>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">结构组成和物理性质与脂质体相似</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">比脂质体毒性小、生物可降解性好</span>
<span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:
12.0pt;language:zh-CN;mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:
text2;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">能克服磷脂不稳定的问题</span>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">类脂囊泡的应用</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">抗感染药物的载体</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">抗肿瘤药物的载体</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 4.32pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; direction: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:+mn-cs;mso-bidi-theme-font:
minor-bidi;color:black;mso-color-index:3;mso-font-kerning:12.0pt;language:zh-CN;
mso-style-textfill-type:solid;mso-style-textfill-fill-themecolor:text2;
mso-style-textfill-fill-color:black;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">抗炎药物的载体</span></p>
<div> 诊断造影剂的载体</div><div><br></div>
姓名：谭畅
班级：制药升14级
学号：2016520461
职业：暂无
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