新概念2 L94_Future champions

本文重点关注：动词和介词的搭配，形容词和介词的搭配动词/形容词+介词短语---be instructed inbe accustomed tobe popular with sbcompete against其他短语---gasp for airit is not long beforehold one‘s breath 

Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age.

instruct

instruct\t\t\t[ɪn'strʌkt]vt. 指导；通知；命令；教授be instructed in 被指导做某事1)\tv.教导，指导eg. Mr. White instructs us in math. White先生教我们数学2）v. 指令，训令（instruct sb. to do sth.）\teg. The teacher instructed the pupils to come into the gym.老师让学生进体育馆instruct 表指令，训令时可加从句做宾语instruct that\teg. The company instructed him that he would be employed.公司告知他将被聘用。 

instruction

instruction n. 讲授，教育，指导，命令，指示receive instruction in skiing. 接受滑雪的指导following instructions 服从指示give sb. instructions 给某人指示 

instructive

instructive [ɪn'strʌktɪv]adj. 有益的；教育性的an instructive book 有教育意义的书 

instructor [ɪn'strʌktɚ]n. 指导书；教员；指导者；教师

expert

breath

hold one’s breath 摒住呼吸at a breath 一口气的in a breath一口气的under one’s breath 小声的，悄悄的below one’s breath 小声的，悄悄的 lose one’s breath 喘不过气的，上气不接下气的save one’s breath 不要白费唇舌 

Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water.

reluctant

reluctant \t\t[rɪ'lʌktənt]adj. 不情愿的；勉强的；顽抗的reluctant = unwillinga reluctant answer 勉强的回答be reluctant to do \teg. I am reluctant to work these days. 这段日子我不愿意工作。 

reluctantly [rɪ'lʌktəntli]adv. 不情愿地；嫌恶地 =unwillingly

句中do not appear to be reluctant to 双重否定，加强语气

It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool.

It is not long before that 很快

accustomed a.

accustomed \t\t[ə'kʌstəmd]adj. 习惯的；通常的；独有的be accustomed to 适应于，习惯于 （to为介词，后面加名词，代词，动名词作宾语）eg. I am accustomed to cold weather. 我习惯于冷天气了。eg. I am accustomed to walking long distance. 我习惯于长距离散步了 

accustom v.

accustom \t\t[ə'kʌstəm]vt. 使习惯于accustom oneself to 使自己习惯eg. She found it necessary to accustom herself to getting up early.她发现让自己习惯早起是必要的eg. Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings.孩子们适应新环境很快 

pick up

pick up捡起 \tpick up a coin on the streetpick up接\tpick sb up at the station 在车站接某人 

weight

weigh

weigh v. 称…重量， 有…重\teg. The man weighed the fish by hand 

A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race.

that is very popular with these young swimmers：that引导的定语从句修饰a game.

tricycle \t\t\t['traɪsɪkl]n. [车辆] 三轮车

popular

be popular with \t\t受….的欢迎，为…的喜爱be popular among\t受….的欢迎，为…所喜爱eg. The nurse is very popular with little children.eg. Chinese food is becoming popular among Americans.中餐在逐渐的受美国人欢迎popular music 流行乐popular newspaper 大众报纸 

popularity

under-前缀

1）\t…..之下的underarm \t\t腋下的underground\t地下的\tunderline\t在….下划线2）\t不足够的underage\t\t未成年的\tundernourished\t营养不足的['ʌndɚ'nɝɪʃt] 

Tricycles are lined up on the floor of the pool seven feet under water.

be lined up\t\t使…排成一列line up\t\t\t排列起；整队eg. The children lined up on the ground according to height. 孩子们在操场上按照大小个排成一排 

tricycle\t ['traɪsɪkl]n. [车辆] 三轮车

The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.

compete

compete \t[kəm'pit]vi. 竞争；比赛；对抗He is going to compete against his old rival in the second round.第二轮比赛他将碰到老对手He is going to compete with his old rival in the second round. .第二轮比赛他将碰到老对手will you compete in the race? 你会参加比赛吗？compete against\t\t与…..竞争，与….比赛compete against each other\t\t互相比赛 

competition

competitive

competitive\t \t[kəm'pɛtətɪv]adj. 竞争的；比赛的；求胜心切的a competitive spirit 竞争意识 

competitor \t\t[kəm'pɛtɪtɚ]n. 竞争者，对手

competence (形近词）

competence \t['kɑmpɪtəns]n. 能力one’s competence for the task 完成任务的能力

competent (形近词）

competent ['kɑmpɪtənt]adj. 胜任的；有能力的；能干的；足够的eg. She is competent for the task. 她有能力完成任务 

pedal \t\t\t['pɛdl]vi. 踩踏板；骑车n. 踏板；脚蹬子vt. 骑（自行车）；踩……的踏板

drag \t\t\t[dræg]vt. 拖累；拖拉；缓慢而吃力地行进vi. 拖曳；缓慢而吃力地行进

Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once.

cover 本意覆盖，引申为走完，读完，看完，飞过eg. How can we cover a day? 我们一天能走多远？eg. She covered 1000 meters in less than 10 minutes.她不到十分钟走了1000米。 

come up 上升，（从乡下）上（城市）eg. The sun has come up. 太阳升起来了。come up to Beijing上北京come up to 走上来 eg. He came up smiling to me.他笑着向我走来。 

come upon\t偶遇 eg. I came upon an old friend in the street yesterday.

以whether引导的从句是tell的宾语，放在句首是为了强调。

who cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air—who引导的定语从句是修饰those among us

gasp